Amygdala functional network underlying fear extinction

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In this study, we used contextual fear conditioning, large-scale imaging with immediate early genes and whole-cell recordings to demonstrate the neuronal circuits underlying fear extinction and reinstatement and found the results described below.(1) The neuronal activity in the infralimbic cortex is decreased during fear reinstatement.(2) Neural plasticity in the infralimbic cortex is involved in fear reinstatement.(3) Excitatory synaptic currents onto infralimbic cortical neurons are reduced with fear reinstatement.(4) A specific subset of basolateral amygdala neurons is active during fear memory expression.(5) The basolateral amygdala neurons that are active during fear memory expression have different projection from the other neurons.Further analysis of our identified neuronal circuits will contribute to understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying fear extinction and reinstatement.