On Image of Victim in Tort Law: In the Context of Duty of Care and the Level of Care

本研究回顾了侵权法中被害人的形象，并在此基础上对行为人和被害人的注意义务和注意程度进行了分析和重置。在日本侵权法中，如果案件中的损害是由受害者的身体/心理倾向造成/增加的，并且任何损害都不能分类，则损害赔偿是减少的。在这种情况下，违法者和受害人所需的注意义务和注意程度是根据是否考虑受害人的易受伤害情况而定的。虽然到目前为止，注意义务和注意级别都是针对“正常人”设定的，但本研究的结论是，通过将受害人设定为“最小阻力”者，可以优化注意义务和注意级别。

This study reviews the image of victim in tort law and being based on this analyzes and resets the duty of care and the level of care of the wrongdoer and the victim. In Japanese tort law damages are reduced in instances where the damage in the case is caused/increased by the victims' physical/psychological Predisposition and any damage cannot be disaggregated. In this case the duty of care and the level of care required for the wrongdoer and the victim are set up depending on whether or not to consider victims' Predisposition. Although the duty of care and the level of care are set up for "Normal Person" so far, this study concludes that the duty of care and the level of care could be optimized by positing the victim as the person of "Minimal Resistance"