Analysis of individual differences in prosociality from evolutionary psychology and behavior genetics

从进化心理学和行为遗传学分析亲社会性的个体差异

• 批准号: 23730577
• 负责人: HIRAISHI Kai
• 金额: $ 2.75万
• 依托单位: Yasuda Women's University (2012-2013)Kyoto University (2011)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011 至 2013
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23730577/
• 关键词: 向社会性; 利他性; 進化; 遺伝; 個人差; 双生児法; パーソナリティ

We examined the origin of individual differences in human prosociality from evolutionary and genetic point of views. We conducted a dictator game and ultimatum game with a Japanese adult twin sample. It was shown that the amount of offer on the two games were not greatly affected by genetics since the within pair correlations were not different between the identical twins and the fraternal twins. On the other hand, the within-pair correlations of minimal acceptable amount on the ultimatum game were greater for the identical twin pairs, suggesting genetic influences. We also had two experiments in which undergraduates participated in both of the dictator game and ultimatum games. It was shown that the difference between the offers on the two games was related to manipulative traits, such as Machiavellianism. Also, it was shown that those who changed the offer between the two games were more likely to choose the dictator game when they could choose which game to play.

从进化和遗传的角度探讨了人类亲社会性个体差异的起源。我们进行了独裁者游戏和最后通牒游戏与日本成年双胞胎样本。结果表明，两个游戏的出价量并没有受到遗传的影响，因为同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎之间的配对内相关性没有差异。另一方面，在最后通牒博弈中，同卵双生子的最小可接受量的对内相关性更大，这表明遗传的影响。我们还进行了两个实验，其中大学生参与独裁者游戏和最后通牒游戏。结果表明，两种游戏的出价差异与操纵性特征有关，如马基雅维利主义。此外，研究表明，那些在两个游戏之间改变报价的人更有可能选择独裁者游戏，当他们可以选择玩哪个游戏时。

项目成果

心と行動の進化を探る

探索思想和行为的演变

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: 五百部裕、小田亮、平石界;他
• 通讯作者: 他

行動遺伝学、進化心理学からみた認知の個人差

行为遗传学和进化心理学视角下的认知个体差异

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: 石井敬子;鳥山理恵;Nicholas Rule;相馬敏彦・野田義顕;平石界
• 通讯作者: 平石界

利他行動に及ぼす目の効果：視線の違いによる検討

眼睛对利他行为的影响：检查视线的差异

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: Takahashi;N.;石井敬子;丹羽雄輝・平石界・小田亮;Ayano Yoshida;相馬敏彦・礒部智加衣;古田大貴・平石界・小田亮
• 通讯作者: 古田大貴・平石界・小田亮

進化と発達

进化与发展

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: 児童心理学の進歩
• 作者: Quintelier;K. J. P.;Ishii;K.;Weeden;J.;Kurzban;R.;Braeckman;J.;八木善彦;平石界
• 通讯作者: 平石界

進化から考える「正義」の起源

从进化论看“正义”的起源

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: 石井敬子;鳥山理恵;板倉昭二;平石界
• 通讯作者: 平石界