Temporal frequency limits of cross-modal and cross-attribute binding.

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When a physical event occurs, the event is separately processed in the brain by different sensory channels such as vision, audition, and touch. Even within one single modality for example vision, there are many channels for different attributes such as luminance, color, shape, and motion. Our brain has to integrate the signals coming from different sensory channels in order to create a coherent perception of the event. Recently we found that the upper limits of cross-attribute binding were surprisingly similar for any combination of visual, auditory and tactile attributes (2-3 Hz). In this study, in human psychophysical experiments, we further examined how combinations of modalities and attributes affect the temporal frequency limit of synchrony-based binding. Besides this, we investigated what amount of delay brings about maximal impairment under delayed visual feedback and whether a critical interval, such as that in audition, also exists in vision.