Genetic Association Study on HLA with Interstitial Lung Diseases in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

间质性肺病是类风湿性关节炎（RA）的重要并发症。RA患者可能发生甲氧咪酯诱导的间质性肺病（MI-ILD），这是一种可能危及生命的药物超敏反应。据信日本RA患者比其他种族群体更易患MI-ILD。最近有报道称，人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I类等位基因与许多药物的严重皮肤不良反应存在显着关联。在这里，我们调查了HLA与RA ILD的关系。HLA-DRB 1 *04、共享表位（SE）和DQB 1 *04与ILD风险显著降低相关。而DRB 1 *16、DR 2血清型和DQB 1 *06与ILD的危险性显著相关。我们发现A*31：01等位基因与MI-ILD高度显著相关。

Interstitial lung disease is a critical complication associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methotrexate-induced interstitial lung disease (MI-ILD) can occur in RA patients and represents a potentially life-threatening drug hypersensitivity reaction. It is believed that Japanese RA patients are more susceptible to MI-ILD than other ethnic groups. Striking association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles with severe cutaneous adverse reactions has recently been reported for many drugs. Here, we investigated the association of HLA with ILD in RA. HLA-DRB1*04, shared epitope (SE) and DQB1*04 were associated with significantly decreased risk of ILD. In contrast, DRB1*16, DR2 serological group and DQB1*06 were significantly associated with risk of ILD. We found a highly significant association of the A*31:01 allele with MI-ILD.