Cutting of Ceramic Plates by Means of Spherical Surfaces

在开发一种从陶瓷板上同时切割大量所需小形状的方法方面，获得了以下研究结果：该方法基于两个球面的使用，一个是凸的，另一个是凹的，并且都具有相同的曲率半径。在两个球面之间插入陶瓷板(其上已刻有一条线以限定所需切割的形状)。如果通过球面对陶瓷板施加压缩载荷，则陶瓷板沿球面的接触点变形。因此，弯矩将取决于相对于球面曲率的比例，此外，它还将取决于陶瓷板中沿缺口线的裂纹的存在，以及裂纹沿缺口线全长的扩展而在陶瓷板中产生线状断裂。这种方法是一种应用，它利用了陶瓷板弯曲断口处自然裂纹的发展。为了使用这种方法，必须预先确定适当的曲率，并在球面上实现。利用这样的曲率，可以在一次板压下产生导致线裂纹的裂纹，从而我们可以同时从陶瓷板上切割出所需的形状。这种方法的显著特点是切割时不会产生噪音和粉尘，所需的能量很小，切割时间很短。因此，可以得出结论，本文介绍的切割工艺将有助于提高陶瓷机械加工行业的生产率。

Concerning the development of a method for simultaneously cutting a large number of desired small shapes from ceramic plates, the following research results were obtained.The method presented is based on the use of two spherical surfaces, one being convex, the other being concave, and both being of the same radius of curvature. A ceramic plate (on which a line has been notched to define the shape of the desired cut) is interposed between the two spherical surfaces. If a compressive load is applied to the ceramic plate by way of the spherical surfaces, the ceramic plate becomes deformed along the point of contact of the spherical surfaces. Therefore, the bending moment will depend on the proportions relative to the spherical curvature, and furthermore, it will also depend on the presence of cracks in the ceramic plate along the notched line, and the extending of the crack along the entire length of the notch line to produce a line fracture in the ceramic plate. This method is an application which takes advantage of the progress of natural cracks occurring at the bending fractures of ceramic plates. In order to use this method, the proper curvature must be determined in advance and implemented in the spherical surfaces. With such a curvature having been implemented, a crack leading to a line francture can be produced in a single stroke of plate compression, and we can thereby simultaneously cut desired shapes from the ceramic plate. The significant characteristics of this method are that the cutting is done without generating noise or dust, the amount of energy required is very small, and the cutting time is very short. Therefore, it may be concluded that the cutting process presented here will be contributory to the improvement of productivity in the ceramics machining industry.