Limax (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) in Corsica (part II): A case of double radiation

科西嘉岛的 Limax（腹足纲：Pulmonata：Stylommatophora）（第二部分）：双重辐射案例

• 批准号: 5423342
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Zoologische Staatssammlung München
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5423342?language=en
• 关键词: Limax; Gastropoda; Pulmonata; Stylommatophora; Corsica

Because of their unique, highly complex, and sensitif strategy of copulation and because of spontaneous cases of dwarfing ("Bonsais"), the genus Limax is extremely well suited to serve as an example of ad hoc, possibly even sympatric speciation. The well known geohistory of the Mediterranean Island Corsica enables the possibility to place the inferred phylogeny of a largely unknown species complex and radiation of about 12-15 species (up to now defined by morphological and reproduction biology) within a geohistoric context. The proposed investigations want to apply particularly molecular-systematic methodology of mitochondrial and nuclear genes with various mutation rates. In addition, breeding experiments enable the correlation of the molecular results with respect to the biological species concept. Objectives are: (1) How many (endemic) Limax-species do exist in Corsica? (2) Is the genus Limax in Corsica monophyletic? (3) What is (are) the probable sister-species at the nearby continent (Toscana)? (4) How to explain the inferred pattern of species relationships by mechanisms of speciations and invasion events? To clear up these question not only has high significance for current questions of evolutionary biology, but also has direct impact with respect to survival of the respective species. Corsican Limax-species are notoriously very endangered to become extinct because of their very limited distribution and because of sustainable destruction of their habitat (particularly by burnings of the woods).

由于它们独特的、高度复杂的和敏感的交配策略，以及自发的矮化（“Bonsais”），Limax属非常适合作为特别的，甚至可能是同域物种形成的例子。众所周知的地中海岛屿科西嘉的地史使得有可能将推断的一个基本上未知的物种复合体和大约12-15个物种（到目前为止由形态学和生殖生物学定义）的辐射在地史背景下。拟议的调查希望特别适用于具有不同突变率的线粒体和核基因的分子系统方法。此外，育种实验使分子结果与生物物种概念相关。目的是：（1）科西嘉有多少种（特有的）利马斯种？(2)科西嘉的Limax属是单系的吗？(3)附近大陆（托斯卡纳）可能的姊妹种是什么？(4)如何解释物种形成和入侵事件的机制推断的物种关系模式？这些问题的澄清不仅对当前的进化生物学问题具有重要意义，而且直接关系到各个物种的生存。科西嘉岛的利马斯物种是众所周知的非常濒危灭绝，因为它们的分布非常有限，因为它们的栖息地的持续破坏（特别是通过燃烧的树林）。