Nanopumps based on high frequency electromagnetic travelling waves: A theoretical and experimental approach to the transport of fluids and particles in microchannels

基于高频电磁行波的纳米泵：微通道中流体和颗粒传输的理论和实验方法

• 批准号: 5425498
• 负责人: Dr. Peter Geggier
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgebiet Zelluläre Biotechnologie und Biochips (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5425498?language=en
• 关键词: Nanopumps; based; frequency; electromagnetic; travelling

The transport of solutions in micro-fabricated lab-on-chip devices is still mostly performed with macroscopic pumps. This limits the full exploitation of the potential of these devices. In addition, theory predicts that the increasingly small dimensions of microchannels will necessitate the application of unreasonably high pressures in order to generate flow. Aim of this project is to explore the theoretical and practical potential of high frequency electromagnetic travelling waves (TWs) for the controlled transport of solutions in microchannels. TWs can be used to induce flow in solutions provided a gradient of any dielectric property of the fluid perpendicular to the flow direction is present. Such gradients can be easily produced through local heating, through the introduction of particles into the solution with contrasting polarization properties or through the generation of concentration gradients of polarisable solutes. Microstructured electrode arrays similar to what is used in dielectrophoresis are well suited for the generation of TWs. It is surprising that the potential of TWs for pumping fluids has not yet been fully appreciated, since the properties of the TWs can be easily controlled via amplitude, frequency and phase of the electromagnetic field. In combination with the various possibilities to generate dielectric gradients, there is a battery of options to fine-tune the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pumping and to adapt it to many microchannel geometries and to almost any fluid. Although preliminary work demonstrated the feasibility of this approach, a rigorous theoretical description of this phenomenon is far from being complete. It implies the treatment of highly nonlinear scenarios. In particular, heat conduction and diffusion has to be combined with the electromagnetic equations and the basic equation of fluidics using rather complex boundary conditions present in chip architecture. Given our theoretical and experimental expertise of microfluidics and dielectrophoresis, we are ideally placed to meet the theoretical and experimental challenges in order to establish TWs as a versatile and reliable tool for the pumping in microscopic and nanoscopic environments. In an iterative process, theoretical predictions will lead to the production of 2D and 3D micro- and nanostructures for the generation of TWs driven flow patterns in microchannels. Starting with simple geometries, more and more complex features will be introduced in order to finally arrive at architectures that are the bases of technical devices. Special emphasis will be given to fluidic systems for biological applications including transport of biological macromolecules and biological particles such as cells, bacteria or viruses.

微型制造的芯片实验室设备中溶液的传输仍然主要通过宏观泵来执行。这限制了这些设备潜力的充分利用。此外，理论预测，微通道的尺寸越来越小，将需要施加不合理的高压才能产生流动。该项目的目的是探索高频电磁行波（TW）在微通道中溶液受控传输的理论和实践潜力。如果存在垂直于流动方向的流体的任何介电特性的梯度，TW 可用于诱导溶液中的流动。这种梯度可以通过局部加热、通过将具有对比偏振特性的颗粒引入溶液中或通过产生可偏振溶质的浓度梯度来容易地产生。类似于介电泳中使用的微结构电极阵列非常适合产生TW。令人惊讶的是，TW 泵送流体的潜力尚未得到充分认识，因为 TW 的特性可以通过电磁场的幅度、频率和相位轻松控制。结合产生介电梯度的各种可能性，有一系列选项可以微调电流体动力 (EHD) 泵送并使其适应许多微通道几何形状和几乎任何流体。尽管初步工作证明了这种方法的可行性，但对这种现象的严格理论描述还远未完成。它意味着高度非线性场景的处理。特别是，热传导和扩散必须使用芯片架构中存在的相当复杂的边界条件与电磁方程和流体学基本方程相结合。鉴于我们在微流体和介电泳方面的理论和实验专业知识，我们完全有能力应对理论和实验挑战，以便将 TW 建立为在微观和纳米环境中泵送的多功能且可靠的工具。在迭代过程中，理论预测将导致 2D 和 3D 微米和纳米结构的产生，以在微通道中生成 TW 驱动的流动模式。从简单的几何形状开始，将引入越来越复杂的功能，以便最终达到作为技术设备基础的架构。将特别强调生物应用的流体系统，包括生物大分子和生物颗粒（例如细胞、细菌或病毒）的运输。