Short-term Health Effects of Fine and Ultra-fine Particle Pollution in Beijing, China

中国北京细颗粒物和超细颗粒物污染的短期健康影响

• 批准号: 5429692
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Annette Peters
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Epidemiologie (EPI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5429692?language=en
• 关键词: Short; term; Health; Effects; Fine

Particulate air pollution has been associated consistently with daily mortality and morbidity around the world. At present, PM10 and PM2.5 (particles smaller than 10 ¿m or 2.5 ¿m aerodynamic diameter) are the most frequently used particle metric in epidemiological investigations. In addition, some newer findings suggest, that particles significantly smaller than PM2.5 may be of special importance for human health. The study proposed here will assess short term health-effects in two parts: First it will retrospectively associate PM10 and gaseous pollutants with daily mortality. Secondly, the associations between particle pollution in the size range between 3 nm and 10 ¿m and emergency visits for cardiovascular and pulmonary disease will be investigated prospectively. The exposure assessment will be based on state-of-the-art particle measurements in a DFGfunded project (Wiedensohler, IfT Leipzig). All cases of emergency room visits in the vicinity of the measuring site will be ascertained by a short standardized protocol to be filled in by the treating physician in hospitals adjacent to the measurement station. Poisson regression analyses models will be used to quantify the association between daily numbers of emergency room visits and ambient particle concentrations controlling for seasonal variation, weather conditions and calendar effects. Dose-response functions will be assessed with parametric as well as semi-paramteric functions to allow for flexible confounder control. Therefore, this three-year project will provide new evidence on the relative role of changes in air pollution in Beijing retrospectively and on the relative importance of particles in different size ranges on daily counts of cardiovascular and pulmonary morbidity. Based on these quantitative assessments, recommendations for local authorities will derived.

颗粒空气污染一直与世界各地的每日死亡率和发病率有关。目前，PM10和PM2.5（空气动力学直径小于10 μ m或2.5 μ m的颗粒物）是流行病学调查中最常用的颗粒物指标。此外，一些新的研究结果表明，比PM2.5小得多的颗粒物可能对人类健康特别重要。本文提出的研究将从两个方面评估短期健康影响：首先，它将回顾性地将PM10和气态污染物与每日死亡率联系起来。其次，将前瞻性地调查3 nm至10 μ m尺寸范围内的颗粒污染与心血管和肺部疾病急诊之间的关系。暴露评估将基于DFG资助项目（Wiedensohler，IfT Leipzig）中最先进的颗粒测量。所有在测量点附近的急诊室就诊的病例将通过一份简短的标准化协议来确定，该协议将由测量站附近医院的治疗医生填写。泊松回归分析模型将用于量化每日急诊室就诊次数与环境颗粒浓度之间的关联，控制季节变化、天气条件和日历效应。将使用参数和半参数函数评估剂量反应函数，以允许灵活的混杂因素控制。因此，这个为期三年的项目将提供新的证据，对北京空气污染变化的相对作用进行回顾，并对不同尺寸范围的颗粒物对心血管和肺部发病率的每日计数的相对重要性进行研究。根据这些定量评估，将为地方当局提出建议。