可視光駆動型燃料電池における高性能プラズモン増強電極触媒酸化の開発

氢气（H2）是一种零碳排放燃料，预计将成为未来的理想能源。尽管可以利用半导体光催化剂在太阳光照射下直接分解水来生产氢气，但目前的能量转换效率太低，该技术在经济上不合理。主要障碍是快速电荷复合以及传统半导体（例如 TiO2）在可见光和近红外 (NIR) 区域不吸收。最近，二维 (2D) 黑磷 (BP) 引起了人们的极大兴趣，因为它具有可调节的带隙，从块状的约 0.3 eV 到单层的约 2.1 eV。由于从紫外到近红外的广泛太阳光吸收，上述带隙特性是有前景的。本文设计了几种基于BP的系统，并用于在可见光和近红外光照射下高效光催化制氢。1）首先合成了三元BP敏化Au/LTO纳米结构，并将其用作高效稳定的可见光和近红外光驱动的制氢光催化剂。2）轻松获得了由BP纳米片和C3N4纳米片组成的二元纳米杂化物（BP/CN），并首次用作无金属催化剂。在甲醇作为空穴猝灭剂存在的情况下用于析氢的光催化剂。3) 2D BP 纳米片可以用作广谱光催化剂，它可以利用可见光和近红外光进行光催化析氢。4) 通过使用 BP 和 WS2，我们开发了一种不含贵金属的光催化制氢系统，该系统可响应宽光谱的太阳光，特别是在近红外区域。

Hydrogen (H2) is a zero carbon emission fuel, and is forecast to be an ideal source of energy in the future. Although H2 can be produced from direct splitting of water using semiconductor photocatalysts under solar light irradiation, the present energy conversion efficiency is too low for the technology to be economically sound. The main barriers are the rapid charge recombination as well as no absorption of traditional semiconductors such as TiO2 in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions. Recently, two dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great interest, because it has adjustable bandgap from ~0.3 eV for bulk to ~2.1 eV for monolayer. The above bandgap properties are promising because of broad solar light absorption from UV to NIR. Herein, several BP-based systems were designed and used for efficient photocatalytic H2 production under visible and NIR light irradiation.1) Ternary BP sensitized Au/LTO nanostructure was synthesized firstly and used as an efficient and stable visible- and NIR-light-driven photocatalyst for H2 production.2) Binary nanohybrid (BP/CN) composed of BP nanoflake and C3N4 nanosheet was facilely obtained and firstly used as a metal-free photocatalyst for H2 evolution in the presence of methanol as a hole quencher.3) 2D BP nanoflakes can be worked as a broad spectrum photocatalyst, which can harness visible and NIR light for photocatalytic H2 evolution.4) By using BP and WS2, we developed a noble metal-free photocatalytic H2 production system that responds to a wide spectrum of solar light, particularly in the NIR region.