可視光駆動型燃料電池における高性能プラズモン増強電極触媒酸化の開発

氢（H2）是一种零碳排放的燃料，被预测为未来理想的能源来源。虽然利用半导体光催化剂在太阳光照下直接分解水可以产生H2，但目前的能量转换效率太低，使得该技术在经济上不可行。主要障碍是快速电荷重组以及传统半导体（如TiO2）在可见光和近红外（NIR）区域不吸收。近年来，二维（2D）黑磷（BP）由于其具有从~0.3 eV到~2.1 eV的可调带隙而引起了人们的极大兴趣。上述带隙性质是有前途的，因为从紫外到近红外的广泛的太阳光吸收。本文设计了几种基于bp的系统，并将其用于可见光和近红外光照射下的高效光催化制氢。1)首次合成了三元BP敏化Au/LTO纳米结构，并将其作为高效稳定的可见光和nir光催化剂用于制氢。2)制备了由BP纳米片和C3N4纳米片组成的二元纳米杂化物（BP/CN），并首次将其作为无金属光催化剂用于甲醇存在下的析氢。3)二维BP纳米片可以作为广谱光催化剂，利用可见光和近红外光进行光催化析氢。4)通过使用BP和WS2，我们开发了一种无贵金属光催化制氢系统，该系统响应宽光谱的太阳光线，特别是近红外区域。

Hydrogen (H2) is a zero carbon emission fuel, and is forecast to be an ideal source of energy in the future. Although H2 can be produced from direct splitting of water using semiconductor photocatalysts under solar light irradiation, the present energy conversion efficiency is too low for the technology to be economically sound. The main barriers are the rapid charge recombination as well as no absorption of traditional semiconductors such as TiO2 in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions. Recently, two dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great interest, because it has adjustable bandgap from ~0.3 eV for bulk to ~2.1 eV for monolayer. The above bandgap properties are promising because of broad solar light absorption from UV to NIR. Herein, several BP-based systems were designed and used for efficient photocatalytic H2 production under visible and NIR light irradiation.1) Ternary BP sensitized Au/LTO nanostructure was synthesized firstly and used as an efficient and stable visible- and NIR-light-driven photocatalyst for H2 production.2) Binary nanohybrid (BP/CN) composed of BP nanoflake and C3N4 nanosheet was facilely obtained and firstly used as a metal-free photocatalyst for H2 evolution in the presence of methanol as a hole quencher.3) 2D BP nanoflakes can be worked as a broad spectrum photocatalyst, which can harness visible and NIR light for photocatalytic H2 evolution.4) By using BP and WS2, we developed a noble metal-free photocatalytic H2 production system that responds to a wide spectrum of solar light, particularly in the NIR region.