What are the Impacts of Religious Diversity? Regions in three European Countries Compared

宗教多样性的影响是什么？

• 批准号: 56583873
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Volkhard Krech
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Centrum für Religionswissenschaftliche Studien (CERES)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/56583873?language=en
• 关键词: What; Impacts; Religious; Diversity; Regions

While religious diversity has been increasing in many European societies, there is an ongoing debate on how to explain this trend and to evaluate its religious and social impacts. In particular, protagonists of rational choice theory claim that pluralisation leads to religious vitalisation. However, this hypothesis has not been tested convincingly, mainly due to a lack in the development of adequate measuring instruments. The proposed project aims to close this gap by testing a new multi-dimensional model for measuring organisational and adherence diversity, as well as their impacts on religious vitality and civil society. The model has been developed by scholars in the sociology and psychology of religion during research on religious pluralization in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The multi-dimensional measuring model will be used to compare different regions within Germany, Finland, and Slovenia. These countries have been selected for their diverging political and religious backgrounds: Finland as being mainly influenced by the Lutheran Church, Slovenia by Roman Catholicism on the one hand and until 1989 by a communist regime on the other, and Germany characterised by a mixture of denominations and quite a high percentage of unaffiliated persons. By focussing on one rural and one urban region within each of these countries, we will also address the factor of population density, which has often been neglected in research on religious diversity. Altogether, the proposed procedure of correlating religious diversity with other religious and social factors (like interreligious dialogue, religious conflicts, efforts to integrate foreign or marginal religious communities, the degree of xenophobia, etc.) will enhance our understanding of the relationship between religious life, civic values, and social coherence. Thus, the project will provide information for political and legal arrangements for religious pluralism within the European unification process.

虽然宗教多样性在许多欧洲社会不断增加，但关于如何解释这一趋势并评估其宗教和社会影响的辩论仍在进行中。特别是，理性选择理论的倡导者声称多元化导致宗教活力。然而，这一假设尚未得到令人信服的检验，主要原因是缺乏适当的测量工具。拟议的项目旨在通过测试一种新的多维模型来衡量组织和坚持的多样性，以及它们对宗教活力和民间社会的影响，从而缩小这一差距。该模型是由宗教社会学和宗教心理学的学者在研究德国北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州的宗教多元化过程中发展起来的。多维测量模型将用于比较德国、芬兰和斯洛文尼亚的不同地区。这些国家因其不同的政治和宗教背景而被选中：芬兰主要受路德教会的影响，斯洛文尼亚一方面受罗马天主教的影响，另一方面直到1989年一直受共产主义政权的影响，德国的特点是教派混合，无党派人士的比例相当高。通过重点关注这些国家中的一个农村和一个城市地区，我们还将讨论人口密度这一因素，这一因素在宗教多样性研究中往往被忽视。总之，将宗教多样性与其他宗教和社会因素（如宗教间对话、宗教冲突、融合外国或边缘宗教社区的努力、仇外心理的程度等）联系起来的拟议程序，将增进我们对宗教生活、公民价值观和社会凝聚力之间关系的理解。因此，该项目将为欧洲统一进程内宗教多元化的政治和法律的安排提供资料。