Development of a novel hydrogel for in situ Laser-Assisted Bioprinting to promote bone regeneration

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Gelatin (Gel5wt%)-sheets incorporating bioactive glasses (BG0wt%, 1wt%, 3wt% or 5wt%) were fabricated and underwent a dehydrothermal crosslinking (CL120°C, CL140°C or CL160°C 24h). The condition “Gel5wt% BG1wt% CL160°C” allowed to obtain the best results in terms of physical (porosity, pore size, swelling ratio), mechanical (Young modulus) and biological (viability, proliferation, ALP activity, calcium deposition) properties, in monoculture and coculture models. After immersion into simulated body fluid, Ca/P molar ratios measured using EDX analysis were between 1.72 and 1.77, suggesting a good bioactivity of the biomaterial. In coculture, this formulation supported the formation of microvascular networks. Finally, this novel biopaper was successfully used as a receiving substrate for Laser-Assisted Bioprinting technology, but also adapted to 3D-moulding and stacking approaches to generate 3D constructs.