DNA Phylogeny of Boreal Conifers from the Last Glacial Age in Japan

日本末次冰期北方针叶树的 DNA 系统发育

• 批准号: 09839004
• 负责人: SUZUKI Mitsuo
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09839004/
• 关键词: fossil; cone; DNA; Last Glacial Age; Honshu; Picea; boreal conifer; 亜塞帯性針葉樹; 積分化

The most parts of Honshu Island were covered by boreal conifer forests during the Last Glacial Age. From sedimentations of those age, there are much amounts of fossil cones with beautiful preservation. But, to identify them in species level only bymorphological characters is very difficult because of close similarity in morphology. Therefore, we tried to extract chioroplast DNA from those fossils and to identify there by mean of DNA sequence. For this purpose1 we collected extant conifers such as Picea bicolor r, P jezoensis, P glehnii, P koyamae, P.maximowiczii, P.palita , and P shirasawae and established phylogenetic tree basing on DNA sequence.Fossil cones were collected from four localities in northern Honshu. Those samples were kept in liquid nitrogen and extracted total DNA, then multiplied by mean of PCR method. We succeed to read DNA sequence from several fossils. DNA of fossils obtained from buried forest in Dekijima, Aomori Prefecture (about 24,000 years ago) was identical with Picea glehnii , while that from buried forest in Gonohe county, Aomori Prefecture (about 13,600 years ago) was identical with Picea koyamae. In both localities there is no distribution of those Picea species. From other two localities, we can not yet success to read DNA.

在末次冰期，本州岛的大部分地区都被北方针叶林覆盖。从这些年龄的沉积物中，有大量的保存完好的化石锥。但是，由于它们在形态上的相似性，仅从形态特征上进行种的鉴别是非常困难的。因此，我们试图从这些化石中提取叶绿体DNA，并通过DNA序列鉴定。为此，我们收集了现存的针叶树，如云杉，云杉jezoensis，P glehnii，P koyamae，P.maximowiczii，P.palita和P shirasawae，并建立了基于DNA序列的系统发育树。化石球果收集自北方本州的四个地点。液氮保存标本，提取总DNA，PCR扩增。我们成功地读取了几个化石的DNA序列。从青森县出木岛（约24,000年前）的埋藏森林中获得的化石DNA与云杉相同，而从青森县五户县（约13,600年前）的埋藏森林中获得的化石DNA与云杉相同。在这两个地方，没有这些云杉属物种的分布。从其他两个地方，我们还不能成功地读取DNA。

项目成果

Noshiro, S., Terada, K., Tsuji, S. & Suzuki, M.: "Larix-Picea forests of the lastgracialage on the eastern elope of Towada Volcano in northern Japan." Rev. Paleobot. & Palynology. 98. 207-222 (1997)

能代，S.，寺田，K.，辻，S.