Dark survival strategies in benthic diatoms from polar waters

极地水域底栖硅藻的暗生存策略

• 批准号: 73183771
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Burkhard Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/73183771?language=en
• 关键词: Dark; survival; strategies; benthic; diatoms

The highly productive microphytobenthos of polar shallow water zones is dominated by diatoms which have to cope with long periods of darkness between late autumn and early spring. Since the dark survival strategies of these organisms are almost unstudied, a comprehensive and precise evaluation of the underlying mechanisms will be carried out under controlled conditions in the laboratory with representative species abundant in the Arctic Kongsfjorden and the Antarctic Potter Cove. The mechanisms to be studied include the maximum survival period which will be determined using various cell biological markers (macromolecular composition, ultrastructure, viability, activity) as well as genetic markers (expression of functional genes involved in the degradation of chrysolaminaran and lipids). In addition, the capability to recover after re-irradiation by measuring growth and photosynthesis, and the effect of temperature on the dark survival potential will be evaluated. Arctic and Antarctic benthic diatoms will be compared to outline specific response patterns which are probably related to the different cold water history of both regions and hence to a different degree of adaptation to extreme low temperatures in the respective taxa. If environmental changes such as the observed Arctic warming are negatively affecting the dark survival potential of benthic diatoms, their ecological function as important primary producers in polar regions may be strongly reduced with consequences for all higher trophic levels.

极地浅水区的高产微型底栖植物以硅藻为主，它们必须在深秋和早春之间科普长时间的黑暗。由于这些生物的黑暗生存策略几乎是未经研究的，一个全面和精确的评估的基本机制将进行控制条件下，在实验室中丰富的代表性物种在北极Kongsfjorden和南极波特湾。将研究的机制包括最长存活期，这将使用各种细胞生物标志物（大分子组成、超微结构、活力、活性）以及遗传标志物（参与金藻胺聚糖和脂质降解的功能基因的表达）来确定。此外，还将通过测量生长和光合作用以及温度对黑暗生存潜力的影响，评估再照射后的恢复能力。北极和南极的底栖硅藻将进行比较，以概述具体的反应模式，这可能与两个区域不同的冷水历史，因此在各自的类群不同程度的适应极端低温。如果观察到的北极变暖等环境变化对底栖硅藻的黑暗生存潜力产生负面影响，它们作为极地地区重要初级生产者的生态功能可能会大大减少，从而对所有较高的营养级产生影响。