High Resolution Analysis of Paleoenvironmental Change by the Simultaneous Methylation Method (TMAH Method)

在本研究中，我们得到了以下结果。(1) TMAH法在海洋沉积物分析中生物标志物有机化合物的检索。TMAH法产生的陆源有机化合物有C20-C32脂肪酸、木质素（8种化合物、香草素、丁香基、肉桂基）、角质酸（3种化合物）、甾醇（如β -谷甾醇）。另一方面，作为海洋来源的化合物，分析了可能来源于细菌的C12-C18脂肪酸、甾醇（如油菜甾醇）、叶绿醇、海洋角质素酸（6个化合物中包括新的3个化合物）和环己基烷基醇（9个化合物）。(2)加利福尼亚边缘沉积物岩心（ODP Leg 167, Site 1017）的高分辨率分析表明，总有机碳在新仙女木期急剧减少，在末次冰期（12 ~ 15 kys）明显增加。末次冰期木质素也明显增加。据推测，河流系统在这一时期发展到加利福尼亚附近，木质素的结果表明，陆地衍生的有机化合物向该地区的运输是积极发生的。结果表明，被子植物对木质素的贡献从16ka至今逐渐增加，木质素的丁香基/香草基比值（被子植物的贡献指数）逐渐增加。(3)福岛芳町森基塔墓葬的分析在对森基塔墓葬的分析中，我们提到了被埋葬人的位置、纤维状材料的规格、用作棺材桶的木材规格以及现在与古墓葬时期的植被差异。

In this study, we obtained the following results.(1) Retrieval of bio-marker organic compounds on the analyses of oceanic sediments by the TMAH methodLand-derived organic compounds produced by TMAH method are C20-C32 fatty acids, lignins (8 compounds, vanillins, syringyls, cinnamyls), cutin acids (3 compounds), sterols (e.g. beta-sitosterol). On the other side, as marine-derived compounds, C12-C18 fatty acids, sterols (e.g. brassicasterol), phytol, marine cutin acids (6 compounds include new 3 compounds) and cyclohexyl-alkylalcohols (9 compounds) probably originated by bacteria are analyzed.(2) The high resolution analysis of sediment core of California margin (ODP Leg 167, Site 1017)Total organic carbon drastically decreased at the Younger Dryas period, and obviously increased at the last glacial period (12 - 15 kyrs). A clear increase of lignin was also seen at the last glacial period. As it is presumed that the river-system developed to the vicinity of California at this period, the result of lignin suggests the transportation of the land derived organic compounds to this area actively occurred. It is clarified that the contribution of angiosperm has increased gradually from 1 6ka toward the present, as the syringyls/vanillyls ratio of lignin (the contribution index of the angiosperm) increased.(3) Analysis of the Morikita tumulus at Bange-cho in the FukushimaIn the analysis of the Morikita tumulus, we mentioned the position of buried person, the specification of the fiber-like material, the specification of the wood to be used as coffin tub, and differences of vegetation between the present and the Tumulus period.