Joint Study on the Development of Novel Joint Prostheses

本研究的目的是通过九州大学、英国利兹大学和英国布拉德福德大学的联合研究，阐明人工关节的润滑和磨损机理，开发新型人工关节假体。该联合研究的成员访问了日本或英国，进行了相互讨论。此外，在他们访问期间，在国际会议上介绍了关于这一研究项目的论文，即，在第三届世界生物力学大会、第25届利兹-里昂摩擦学研讨会、第一届亚洲国际摩擦学会议、Asiatrib'98、第26届利兹-里昂摩擦学研讨会和第12届国际医学陶瓷研讨会上发表论文。在日本临床生物力学及相关研究学会第25次会议上，村上教授和Fisher教授组织了关于天然和人工关节润滑机制的国际研讨会，Jin博士和Sawae博士作为研讨会主持人发表了他们的论文。 关于我们 是联合研究，显示了以下结果。从软骨表层的润滑能力出发，探讨了自然滑膜关节自适应多模式润滑的基本机理。利用三维计算机图形学技术显示膝关节的几何特征。在人工关节的润滑机理方面，通过模拟器和滑动试验，评价了聚氨酯、硅橡胶、聚乙烯醇（PVA）水凝胶和半互穿聚合物网络（SIPN）水凝胶等柔顺性人工软骨在膝关节假体模型中的液膜形成、摩擦或磨损情况。原子力显微镜（AFM）观察是有效的，在评价天然关节软骨和人工软骨的表面层的变化。数值分析表明，在相同接触面积下，膝关节假体横向椭圆连接比纵向椭圆连接在行走过程中形成流体膜方面具有优越性。通过单向和多向滑动试验和模拟装置，对现有金属、陶瓷与超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）、陶瓷对陶瓷、金属对金属人工关节的摩擦磨损性能进行了评价。综述了多向运动、润滑剂成分、材料性能、几何设计和表面粗糙度对磨损行为的影响。研究了磨损颗粒的性质及其生物学反应。研究了电场对弹性体材料的摩擦控制作用和磁场对金属-金属摩擦副的减磨作用。少

The object of this research is to conduct the joint research between Kyushu University, The University of Leeds and University of Bradford to elucidate the lubrication and wear mechanism in artificial joints and develop novel joint prostheses. Members of this joint research visited Japan or United Kingdom for mutual discussion. Furthermore, during their visiting the presentations of papers on this research project were carried out at the international conferences, I.e., at the Third World Congress of Biomechanics, 25th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, 1st Asia Int. Conf. on Tribology, Asiatrib'98, 26th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology and 12th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine. At the International Symposium on Lubrication Mechanism in Natural and Artificial Joints, which was organized by Prof. Murakami and Prof. Fisher at the 25th Meeting of Japanese Society of Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research, Dr. Jin and Dr. Sawae presented their papers as symposists.In th … More is joint study, the following results were shown. The fundamental mechanism in adaptive multimode lubrication in natural synovial joints was discussed by focusing the lubricating ability of cartilage surface layer. The geometric feature of knee joint was indicated by 3D Computer Graphics technique. On the lubrication mechanism in artificial joints, the fluid film formation, friction or wear in knee prosthesis models with compliant artificial cartilage such as polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyvinylalcohol (PVA) hydrogel and semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN) hydrogel were evaluated by simulator or sliding tests. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) observation was effective in evaluation of changes in surface layer of natural articulator cartilage and artificial cartilage. The superiority in fluid film formation during walking for transverse elliptical conjunction to longitudinal one with the same contact area in knee prostheses was shown in numerical analysis. The friction and wear in existing artificial joints composed of metal or ceramics and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), ceramics-on-ceramics, metal-on-metal were evaluated by unidirectional and multidirectional sliding tests and simulators. The influence of multi-directional motion, constituents of lubricants, material properties and geometrical design with surface roughness on wear behavior were summarized. The properties of wear particles and their biological reaction were investigated. The friction control of elastomeric material by applied electric field and wear reduction of metal-on-metal pair by magnetic field were demonstrated. Less