Elucidation of Adaptive Multimode Lubrication Mechanism in Natural Synovial Joints from Hierarchic and Microscopic Viewpoints

本研究的目的是从层次和微观的角度阐明自然滑膜关节的适应性多模式润滑机制，并对自然滑膜关节的适应性多模式润滑机制进行系统研究。在模拟器上对膝关节模型中的流体膜形成进行了实验评价和数值分析，表明了弹流润滑在行走过程中的重要作用。在摆法猪肩关节摩擦试验中，通过去除吸附膜或添加磷脂或蛋白质，阐明了透明质酸浓度对高、低载荷条件下摩擦行为的影响。由磷脂、蛋白质和糖蛋白组成的吸附膜的边界润滑明显表现为去除吸附膜后摩擦力的增加。加入磷脂脂质体和丙种球蛋白脂质体可有效降低摩擦…还有更多。关节软骨滑动副和玻璃板上形成的Langmuir-Blodgett膜的往复试验表明，磷脂和蛋白质混合膜优于磷脂膜。体内实验证实了混合吸附膜的保护作用。利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了摩擦过程中不同摩擦水平下关节软骨表面的变化。分析了不同摩擦水平下相应的力-距离曲线。这些结果表明，随着磨损过程的进行，吸附膜和凝胶膜的润滑作用发生了变化。比较了聚乙烯醇(PVA)水凝胶作为人工软骨和天然关节软骨的摩擦学性能，以阐明两者的差异。用锥板粘度计对单层培养的软骨细胞进行连续剪切试验，观察剪切刺激对关节软骨细胞的影响，诱导白细胞介素6(IL-6)的显着升高。较少

The object of this research is to elucidate the adaptive multimode lubrication mechanism in natural synovial joints from the hierarchic and microscopic viewpoints.The systematic investigation was performed to clarify the adaptive multimode lubrication mechanism in natural synovial joints. Experimental evaluation of fluid film formation in knee joint model in simulator and numerical analysis showed the important role of elastohydrodynamic lubrication during walking. In friction tests of pig shoulder joints by pendulum method, the influence of hyaluronate concentration on frictional behavior under high and low load conditions was clarified in related to removal of adsorbed films or addition of phospholipid or proteins. The boundary lubrication by adsorbed film composed of phospholipids, proteins and glycoproteins was clearly shown by an increase in friction after removal of adsorbed film. Addition of liposome of phospholipid liposome and gamma-globulin was effective in lowering of fricti … More on. Reciprocating tests of sliding pair of articular cartilage and Langmuir-Blodgett film formed on glass plate indicated the superiority of mixed film of phospholipid and protein to phospholipid film. The protecteive effect by mixed adsorbed film was confirmed in in-vivo tests. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to observe the changes in articular cartilage surfaces at different friction levels during rubbing process. The corresponding force-distance curves at several friction levels were examined. These results indicated that lubricating roles of adsorbed film and gel film changes with progressive wear process. The tribological property of polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) hydrogel specimen as artificial cartilage was compared with that of natural articular cartilage to clarify the difference between both materials. The three-dimensional numerical analysis was planned to examine the influence of shearing stimulation on chondrocyte in articular cartilage which was found in continuous shearing test to monolayer of cultured chondrocyte in cone/plate viscometer inducing the remarkable increase in interleukin 6 (IL-6). Less