東・東南アジア港町における異文化交流と「外交」活動

通过考察早期现代亚洲海上外交表演的具体事件，我的研究旨在揭示语言、外交函电、条约订立惯例、仪式和参与中间人的混合元素，这些元素在以往的学术研究中一直被忽视。实用主义、特设战略和有目的的地缘政治是17世纪和18世纪德川日本、西班牙帝国和东南亚各国代表的混合谈判做法和原始全球外交的特征。在失败和误解叙事的背景下，在早期现代外交文化中，通过强调比较和联系来修正传统观点已经变得过于夸张。为了做到这一点，我分析了多种语言的来源，并为基于角色的方法收集了数据。我的发现有助于将焦点从不对称和平等的外交交流的二分法转移到杂交过程上。介绍不同的场景包括(1)西班牙在中日外交背景下的经验，(2)与不断扩大的东南亚帝国(如柬埔寨和暹罗)的外交交流，以及(3)较小的穆斯林岛国这个项目旨在提供对东南亚不同外交做法和行为者的平衡看法。

By examining concrete episodes of diplomatic performances in early modern maritime Asia, my study aims to uncover hybrid elements of language, diplomatic correspondence, treaty making-practices, ceremonial and participating intermediaries, which have been constantly overlooked in previous scholarship. Pragmatism, ad-hoc strategies and purposeful geopolitics characterized hybrid negotiating practices and proto-global diplomacy of Tokugawa Japan, the Spanish Empire and representatives of South East Asian realms during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Against the background of narratives of failure and misunderstanding it has become overly due to revise conventional views by emphasizing comparison and connections in early modern diplomatic cultures. In order to do so I have analyzed multi-lingual sources and collected data for an actor-based approach. My findings help to will shift the focus away from the dichotomy of asymmetrical and equal diplomatic exchange to hybridization processes. Introducing different scenarios include (1) the Spanish experience with the Sino-Japanese diplomatic context, (2) diplomatic exchange with expanding Southeast Asian empires such as Cambodia and Siam, and (3) smaller Muslim insular chiefdoms this project pursues to provide a balanced view on diverse diplomatic practices and actors in South East Asia.