The Impact of COVID-19 among Recent Latinx Immigrants: Examining Opportunities for Intervention

摘要 新出现的证据显示，新冠肺炎对美国拉丁裔移民的影响不成比例 社区。年，拉丁裔人口中对新冠肺炎后果的担忧尤为严重。 迈阿密--佛罗里达州人口最多的县戴德县。截至4月24日，在所有报告的新冠肺炎病例中， 在佛罗里达州(10,926人)，27%的死亡(287人)和30%的住院人员(12,465人)是居民 迈阿密-戴德县。鉴于迈阿密-戴德处于新冠肺炎大流行的震中，该州 佛罗里达州及其280万居民中的大多数是拉丁裔移民，迫切需要探索 新冠肺炎对这一人群的影响。拉丁裔移民在就业方面面临着越来越多的挑战， 经济压力、获得护理的机会、有限的社会支持系统、语言障碍以及与以下问题相关的恐惧 移民身份，这会对坚持遏制和缓解新冠肺炎的努力造成障碍，并可能 加剧下游的健康影响，如精神健康和药物使用问题。相对效应 关于最近的拉丁裔移民，他们中的许多人经历了被迫移民，正在努力适应 新的东道国，可能会特别具有破坏性。 拟议的研究通过利用NIAAA赞助的正在进行的纵向研究来满足这一迫切需求 研究集(目前处于第二波数据收集)。具体地说，这项研究将对 对我们已经参与的最近拉丁裔移民样本的补充新冠肺炎礼仪。该数据将是 与目前正在通过父母研究收集的大流行前和大流行后的数据合并。最重要的目标 拟议研究的目的是(1)检查对遏制和缓解新冠肺炎的遵守情况和态度 努力和(2)社会文化因素与新冠肺炎相关的压力如何影响酒精和 这一人群中的其他药物使用和不良心理健康后果。这项研究将立即 利用父研究队列、基础设施和现有协议快速评估 新冠肺炎在这个脆弱的拉丁裔亚群中流行。这一知识对及早通知至关重要。 有权减轻有害的新冠肺炎遵守和缓解努力的应对程序， 大流行应激源以及随后的下游健康后果，如酒精和其他药物的使用 以及不利的心理健康后果。此外，从拟议的 可以利用研究来检查新冠肺炎对原始研究结果(即受损的)的影响 驾驶、交通)。这项调查的结果可以被证明是理解 新冠肺炎在拉美裔移民中引发的行为变化，并为有效的政策提供信息 和文化相关的外展战略，可以在未来大流行复发的情况下应用。

Abstract Emerging evidence reveals the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on the US Latinx immigrant community. Concern for the consequences of COVID-19 is especially high among the Latinx population in Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida. As of April 24, 35% of all reported COVID-19 cases in the state of Florida (10,926), 27% of deaths (287), and 30% of persons hospitalized (12,465) were residents of Miami-Dade County. Given that Miami-Dade is at epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the state of Florida and the majority of its 2.8 million residents are Latinx immigrants, there is an urgent need to explore the impact of COVID-19 in this population. Latinx immigrants face increased challenges related to employment, financial strain, access to care, limited social support systems, language barriers, and fears related to immigration status that create barriers to adherence of COVID-19 containment and mitigation efforts, and could exacerbate downstream health effects such as mental health and substance use problems. The relative effect on recent Latinx immigrants, many of whom have experienced forced migration and are struggling to adapt to a new host country, may be particularly devastating. The proposed study addresses this urgent need by leveraging an ongoing NIAAA-sponsored longitudinal study set (currently in the second wave of data collection). Specifically, the study will administer a supplemental COVID-19 protocol to our already engaged sample of recent Latinx immigrants. This data will be merged with pre- and post-pandemic data currently being collected via the parent study. The overarching aim of the proposed study is to (1) examine adherence and attitudes to COVID-19 containment and mitigation efforts and (2) how sociocultural factors coupled with COVID-19 related stress impacts changes in alcohol and other drug use and adverse mental health outcomes in this population. This research would immediately leverage the parent study cohort, infrastructure, and existing protocol to rapidly assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in this vulnerable Latinx subgroup. This knowledge will be critical to informing early response procedures with the power to mitigate deleterious COVID-19 adherence and mitigation efforts, pandemic stressors, and subsequent downstream health consequences such as alcohol and other drug use and adverse mental health outcomes in this population. Additionally, knowledge gained from the proposed study can be utilized to examine the impacts of COVID-19 on the original study outcomes (i.e., impaired driving, transportation). Findings from this investigation can prove to be invaluable in understanding the behavioral changes triggered by COVID-19 among recent Latinx immigrants, and informing effective policies and culturally relevant outreach strategies that can be applied in the face of future pandemic recurrences.