ALCOHOL & CRASH FATALITIES: ETHNIC GROUPS AT RISK

描述(由申请人提供)：对以下问题的关注 美国一些种族/民族在机动车死亡事故中 联邦和州机构面临制定和实施安全措施的压力 为少数民族人口的特殊需要量身定做的方案。成为 然而，有效的这些计划必须基于对 不同群体承担的风险水平及其原因 过度卷入撞车事故。目前如此全面和深入 知识是不存在的。拟议研究的目的是进行一项 对唯一可用的数据集的二次分析-FARS，一个大型 国家致命坠机数据库，最近增加了关于 死亡人数的种族/民族-结合其他数据来源进行检查 种族/民族在酒精、安全带不使用和攻击性中的作用 与驾驶相关的机动车碰撞(MVC)死亡。研究一：研究 将纳入以前未包括在以下研究中的信息 种族/民族对群体异质性的贡献--文化适应水平， 教育和收入--更具体地确定种族/民族群体 以及易患跨国公司的亚群(族裔/性别/年龄)。用于此目的的方法 身份确认过程将是迄今为止进行的最全面的 由于使用了多个广泛的数据集以及分析 使用的技术。分割分析在物流分析中的应用 回归分析将允许合并大量的 将相关和相互作用的变量纳入识别过程。组位于 将确定国家以及四个最大的 人口和种族多元化的州(加利福尼亚州、纽约州、德克萨斯州和 佛罗里达州)。一旦确定特定的民族/年龄/性别群体处于危险之中 完成后，研究2将把全国饮酒和饮酒调查的数据联系起来 驱使调查与以下方面有关的态度和看法的差异 驾驶受损(例如，感知到的酒后驾车风险、感知到的 因酒后驾驶而被抓获和处罚的可能性 在研究1中确定的高危人群中)。因此，研究I将 指出那些最有可能卷入事故和死亡的群体，而 研究2将提供关于饮酒的个人风险因素的信息 而驾驶应该通过干预措施进行针对性的改变，以减少 高危人群中酒后驾车和与酒精相关的MVC死亡的可能性 组。该项目的结果将对政策制定者和 项目经理，并将为交通安全的设计和交付提供信息 针对少数群体的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Concern about the overrepresentation of some racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. in motor vehicle fatalities has put pressure on Federal and state agencies to develop and implement safety programs tailored to the special needs of minority populations. To be effective, however, these programs must be based on sound knowledge of the level of risk incurred by different groups and the reasons for their overinvolvement in crashes. Currently such comprehensive and in-depth knowledge does not exist. The purpose of the proposed research is to conduct a secondary analysis of a uniquely available data set---the FARS, a large national fatal crash database with recently added information on the race/ethnicity of fatalities --- coupled with other data sources to examine the role of race/ethnicity in alcohol-, seat belt nonuse-, and aggressive driving-related motor vehicle crash (MVC) fatality. Study I of the research will incorporate information previously not included in studies of race/ethnicity that contribute to group heterogeneity-acculturation level, education, and income-to identify more specifically the racial/ethnic groups and subgroups (ethnic/gender/age) at risk for MVCs. The methods used for this identification process will be the most comprehensive conducted to date because of the use of multiple and extensive data sets as well as the analytic techniques used. The application of segmentation analysis prior to logistic regression analyses will allow for the incorporation of a large number of relevant and interacting variables into the identification process. Groups at risk will be identified for the nation as well as for each of the four most populated and ethnically diverse states (California, New York, Texas, and Florida). Once the identification of specific ethnic/age/gender groups at risk is completed, Study 2 will link data from a national survey on drinking and driving to investigate differences in attitudes and perceptions related to impaired driving (e.g., perceived riskiness of drinking and driving, perceived likelihood of being caught and punished for driving under the influence of alcohol) across the at risk groups identified in Study 1. Thus, Study I will indicate those groups at greatest risk for crash involvement and death, while Study 2 will provide information about what personal risk factors for drinking and driving should be targeted for change by interventions to reduce the likelihood of drunk driving and alcohol-related MVC fatality among at risk groups. The results from the project will be useful to policymakers and program managers and will inform the design and delivery of traffic safety interventions tailored to minority populations.