Longitudinal Examination of Driving Attention Among Adolescents

青少年注意力的纵向调查

• 批准号: 10164832
• 负责人: Despina Stavrinos
• 金额: $ 39.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-04 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10164832
• 关键词: 16 year old; 18 year old; Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Attention; Automobile Driving; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Cognitive; Development; Enrollment; Etiology; Evidence based intervention; Goals; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laws; Licensure; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methodology; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Personality; Policies; Process; Public Health; Records; Research; Risk; Role; Shapes; Societies; Teenagers; Telephone; Temperament; Testing; Text Messaging; Time; Training Programs; Translating; Vehicle crash; Work; Young driver; age effect; base; cognitive function; cost; demographics; distraction; executive function; experience; impaired driving performance; improved; inattention; longitudinal design; mortality; novel; outcome prediction; processing speed; programs; rate of change; visual tracking

Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adolescents, accounting for approximately one in three deaths among teens ages 16 to 19. The primary contributor to MVCs is driver inattention, which manifests as vulnerability to distraction. Yet, the relative contributions of young age and low driving experience to driving inattention remains unsettled and the general development of attention over the course of adolescence has received little study. The central hypothesis of this study is that driving attention and driving outcomes are predicted by age and driving experience through improvements in underlying cognitive mechanisms (general attention, speed of processing, and executive function). The long term goal of the research program is to explain the etiology of adolescent motor vehicle crash risk and translate findings to evidence-based interventions. In this longitudinal study, 220 adolescents will be enrolled across four groups of 55: 16 and 18 year olds with and without driving experience. The adolescents will perform general and driving based attention tasks, as well as cognitive function tasks at seven time points over 18 months. The combination of factorial and longitudinal designs will permit study of both the independent and joint effects of age and driving experience on driving attention over time. Multiple methods will be used to measure driving outcomes, including driving in a high fidelity driving simulator, self-report, and state crash records. Driving attention in the simulator will also be examined under several distraction conditions, because the presence of distractions challenges attention and is an important factor in MVC risk. Novel in-vehicle eye- tracking methodologies will track changes in driving attention development over 18 months. Four Specific Aims are proposed. Aim 1: Characterize the trajectory of driving attention development as a function of age and driving experience. Aim 2: Characterize the roles of age and driving experience in driving attention under varying levels of distraction. Aim 3: Examine the roles of underlying cognitive mechanisms (general attention, speed of processing, executive function) in driving attention development as a function of age and driving experience. Aim 4: Investigate how driving-specific attention development impacts driving outcomes. MVCs are burdensome and costly to society. With inattention as the primary contributor to MVCs, it is critical to gain a clearer understanding how driving attention develops during the riskiest developmental period for drivers: adolescence (ages 16 to 18). The findings of the proposed study have the potential to reduce MVCs by (a) shaping policy regarding optimal age and experience for licensure and limitations imposed on young drivers and (b) providing targets for interventions to improve public health.

机动车碰撞是青少年发病率和死亡率的主要原因， 在16至19岁的青少年中约占三分之一的死亡原因。MVC的主要贡献者 司机注意力不集中，表现为容易分心。然而，年轻的相对贡献 驾驶体验低对驾驶注意力不集中的情况仍不稳定，注意力普遍发展 关于青春期过程的研究很少。这项研究的中心假设是驾驶 注意力和驾驶结果是根据年龄和驾驶经验通过改善 潜在的认知机制(一般注意力、处理速度和执行功能)。《长河》 该研究项目的学期目标是解释青少年机动车碰撞风险的病因和 将调查结果转化为循证干预措施。在这项纵向研究中，将有220名青少年参加 研究对象为四组，每组55人：16岁和18岁，有驾驶经验和没有驾驶经验。 青少年会 执行 一般和基于驾驶的注意任务，以及七个时间点的认知功能任务 18个月。析因设计和纵向设计的结合将允许研究独立和 随着时间的推移，年龄和驾驶经验对驾驶注意力的联合影响。将使用多种方法来 衡量驾驶结果，包括在高保真驾驶模拟器中驾驶、自我报告和状态碰撞 唱片。模拟器中的驾驶注意力也将在几种分散注意力的情况下进行测试，因为 分心的存在会引起人们的注意，是MVC风险的一个重要因素。新颖的车载眼睛- 跟踪方法将在18个月内跟踪驱动注意力发展的变化。四个具体目标 都被提出了。目标1：描述作为年龄函数的注意力发展驱动轨迹 和驾驶经验。目标2：描述年龄和驾驶经验在驱动注意力方面的作用 处于不同程度的分心状态下。目标3：研究潜在认知机制的作用 (一般注意力、处理速度、执行功能)在推动注意力发展方面 年龄和驾驶经验的作用。目标4：调查特定于驾驶的注意力如何发展 影响推动结果。跨国公司对社会来说负担沉重，成本高昂。以漫不经心为主要 作为MVC的贡献者，更清楚地了解驾驶注意力是如何在 司机风险最高的发育阶段：青春期(16至18岁)。拟议研究的结果 有可能通过以下方式减少跨国公司：(A)制定关于最佳年龄和执照经验的政策 (B)为改善公共卫生的干预措施提供目标。

项目成果

Data Reduction Solution for Driving Simulator.

• DOI: 10.1109/southeastcon44009.2020.9249691
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Proceedings of IEEE Southeastcon. IEEE Southeastcon
• 作者: Pawar P;Anthony T;McManus B;Stavrinos D
• 通讯作者: Stavrinos D

COVID-19 effects on diet, sleep, and physical activity among mid- to late-adolescents residing in the deep south in the United States.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.06.003
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NURSING-NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN & FAMILIES
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Stavrinos, Despina;McManus, Benjamin;McGwin Jr, Gerald;Underhill, Andrea T.;George, Rachael;Kennedy, Kaiden
• 通讯作者: Kennedy, Kaiden

Behind the Wheel: Unraveling the Impact of Experience Over Age Over the First 18 Months of Licensure.

驾驶：揭示驾驶执照前 18 个月内经验对年龄的影响。

• DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad087
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of pediatric psychology
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Stavrinos,Despina;McManus,Benjamin;Mrug,Sylvie;Anthony,Thomas;Underhill,AndreaT;Pawar,Piyush
• 通讯作者: Pawar,Piyush

Developmental trajectories of driving attention in adolescents: Preliminary findings from REACT.

青少年注意力的发展轨迹：REACT 的初步发现。

• DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1982614
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Traffic injury prevention
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Stavrinos,Despina;McManus,Benjamin;Mrug,Sylvie;Underhill,Andrea;Albright,MGrace;Svancara,Austin;Pawar,Piyush;Anthony,Thomas;Visscher,Kristina
• 通讯作者: Visscher,Kristina