World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses (WRCEVA)

世界新兴病毒和虫媒病毒参考中心 (WRCEVA)

• 批准号: 10170884
• 负责人: Scott C Weaver
• 金额: $ 98.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10170884
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Adopted; Aedes; African; Antibodies; Antigenic Diversity; Antigens; Arboviruses; Asia; Bioterrorism; COVID-19 pandemic; Chikungunya virus; Clinical; Collaborations; Collection; Communities; Complementary DNA; Coronavirus; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Culicidae; Databases; Dengue; Development; Diagnostic; Disease Outbreaks; Ebola virus; Ecology; Electron Microscopy; Emergency Situation; Emergency response; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Evolution; Family; Flavivirus; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Immune Sera; In Vitro; Infection; Institution; International; Intervention; Laboratories; Location; Methods; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; New York; Pathogenesis; Pattern; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Play; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Reagent; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Support; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Serology; Ships; Source; South America; Taxonomy; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccine Design; Vaccines; Viral; Viral Genome; Virus; Virus Diseases; Visit; Yellow Fever; Yellow fever virus; ZIKA; Zoonoses; anthropogenesis; antibody diagnostic; arthropod-borne; biodefense; bioweapon; coronavirus disease; cross immunity; deep sequencing; effective intervention; human disease; improved; in vivo; new technology; next generation sequencing; novel; pandemic disease; programs; repository; response; transmission process; trend; vaccine development; vector transmission; virus identification

ABSTRACT As underscored by pandemic COVID-19, Zika, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses, new and emerging viruses represent increasing threats to human health, yet their mechanisms of emergence remain poorly understood, and effective interventions are not available for most. Research on their pathogenesis, ecology, evolution, epidemiology, emergence mechanisms, diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics remain critical public health needs. The World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses (WRCEVA) comprises a comprehensive, diverse collection of over 8,000 virus strains in 21 families, as well as antisera, antigens, cDNA clones and other reagents to enable research worldwide. Approximately 400 new virus strains are added annually, and 1000 viruses and reagents are shipped annually. The WRCEVA also maintains broad expertise in both novel and traditional approaches to virus identification and characterization, and provides critical support for emergency outbreak responses as exemplified by the rapid generation and distribution of critical COVID and Zika reagents. This proposal seeks to continue these WRCEVA activities in support of NIH-funded and other research on emerging viruses worldwide, through five Specific Aims: 1. Maintain a comprehensive set of emerging viruses, arboviruses and associated reagents to support research and surveillance. The virus collection as well as antigens, antibodies, cDNA clones and other reagents will be continually enhanced to capitalize on new emergence trends and technologies. Emphasis during the first two years will be placed on the development of critical reagents for coronavirus research. 2. Discover, isolate and characterize newly acquired viruses to determine relationships and taxonomic assignments, and to assess in vitro and in vivo host range. Clinical and field samples as well as viral isolates will be received for identification and characterization, and added to the repository. Critical phenotypes of newly discovered viruses and strains will be assessed by using in vitro and in vivo infections. 3. Perform sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of selected virus groups to determine evolutionary histories and emergence mechanisms, patterns of spread/infection, and to rapidly determine the sources of new outbreaks. Key virus strains will undergo genomic sequencing to generate databases that can be exploited for the rapid determination of new outbreak sources, including potential bioterrorism. 4. Determine why yellow fever virus has not caused major urban epidemics in South America for many decades, or ever in Asia. Our unique collection of virus strains and arbovirology expertise will be used to examine hypotheses related to limitations on urban transmission by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. 5. Train scientists in the identification and characterization of emerging viruses. To enhance research and surveillance in the U.S. and worldwide, the most efficient way to limit spread of new outbreaks, training in virus identification, characterization, and diagnostics will be provided to visiting scientists.

摘要