Proximal Effects of Alcohol on Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence

酒精对同性亲密伴侣暴力的近端影响

• 批准号: 10201337
• 负责人: Dominic Parrott
• 金额: $ 15.17万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10201337
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anger; Attention; Attenuated; Birth; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Coping Behavior; Couples; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dependence; Economics; Etiology; Gender Identity; Goals; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Heterosexuals; Individual; Intervention; Link; Measurement; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Same-sex; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Social Impacts; Social support; Stress; Text Messaging; Time; Unemployment; alcohol effect; attentional control; base; binge drinking; cisgender; design; diaries; distress tolerance; drinking; economic impact; emotion regulation; experience; gender minority; health care availability; intimate partner violence; longitudinal design; minority communities; pandemic disease; parent grant; physical conditioning; recruit; resilience; response; sex; sexual minority; skills; social; stressor; violence perpetration

Research indicates that stress and its concomitant negative mental health and physical health outcomes are direct results of pandemic episodes1. Stress related to COVID-19 is no exception2 3 4. We argue that this stress – which we term COVID-19 stress – is temporally and proximally related to increases in HED and IPV perpetration in sexual and gender minority (SGM) couples. This focus on SGM couples is purposeful. Because the COVID-19 pandemic poses greater economic, social, and personal challenges for SGM people 5, they must cope with both COVID-19 stress and well-established minority stressors 6. Thus, they are more likely to engage in maladaptive coping behaviors, including HED and IPV, relative to cisgender, heterosexual people. There are myriad weaknesses in the rigor of research on HED and/or IPV in SGM couples, which include: (1) few studies which distinguish between sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, and gender identity; (2) inadequate sample sizes of gender minorities; (3) poor operational definitions, and thus weak measurement, of HED and IPV; and (4) dependence on cross-sectional study designs which cannot model the temporal relation between relevant risk factors and HED or IPV perpetration. Our team is uniquely positioned to address these weaknesses via two aims: (1) evaluate the impact of COVID-19 stress and SGM stress on HED and IPV perpetration, and (2) evaluate a brief, low-resource intervention to mitigate the effects of these stressors. These aims will be achieved by using a longitudinal measurement burst daily diary design that includes four 14- day bursts with three 14-day intervals between each burst. During Intervals #2 and #3, participants will be randomly assigned to receive (1) two daily CBT-based text messages that focuses on emotion regulation, distress tolerance skills, and/or alcohol reduction strategies, (2) two daily text messages that serve as an attention control, or (3) no text messages. Our sample of 240 couples will be comprised of 120 couples in which both partners identify as cisgender and a sexual minority and 120 couples in which at least one partner identifies as a gender minority, meaning one’s gender identity is non-congruent with the sex they were assigned at birth. Effects will be examined within an Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling framework, which will allow for valid analysis of both partners’ intersecting identities as well as risk and resilience factors at the individual- and couple-level. Expansion of the parent grant via the proposed urgent competitive revision has high potential to inform how pandemic stress contributes to etiological models of alcohol-related IPV perpetration in SGM couples and inform a culturally-sensitive, low burden, and easy to disseminate intervention to mitigate these effects critical during a pandemic when access to care is limited. As such, this project has high potential to impact public health, particularly in vulnerable SGM communities during a pandemic.

研究表明，压力及其伴随的负面心理健康和身体健康结果是 大流行的直接后果1.与COVID-19相关的压力也不例外2 3 4。我们认为这种压力- 我们称之为COVID-19压力-与HED和IPV的增加在时间上和近端相关 性和性别少数（SGM）夫妇的犯罪。对SGM夫妇的关注是有目的的。因为 COVID-19大流行给SGM人员带来了更大的经济、社会和个人挑战5，他们必须 科普COVID-19压力和既定的少数民族压力源6.因此，他们更有可能参与 在适应不良的应对行为中，包括HED和IPV，相对于顺性别者，异性恋者。 SGM夫妇中HED和/或IPV研究的严谨性存在无数弱点，其中包括：（1） 少数研究区分出生时的性别分配，性取向和性别认同;（2） 性别少数群体的样本量不足;（3）业务定义不佳，因此对性别少数群体的衡量薄弱， HED和IPV;（4）依赖于无法模拟时间关系的横断面研究设计 相关风险因素与HED或IPV犯罪之间的关系。我们的团队具有独特的优势来解决这些问题 通过两个目标：（1）评估COVID-19压力和SGM压力对HED和IPV的影响 实施，以及（2）评估一种简短的、低资源的干预措施，以减轻这些压力源的影响。 这些目标将通过使用纵向测量突发每日日记设计来实现，该设计包括四个14- 日间爆发，每次爆发之间间隔14天。在间隔#2和#3期间，参与者将 随机分配接收（1）每天两条基于CBT的短信，关注情绪调节， 痛苦承受能力，和/或减少酒精的策略，（2）每天两条短信，作为一个 注意力控制，或（3）没有文本消息。我们的240对夫妇的样本将由120对夫妇组成， 伴侣双方都认为自己是顺性别者和性少数群体，120对夫妇中至少有一方 认为自己是性别少数，这意味着一个人的性别认同与他们的性别不一致。 出生时分配的。影响将在演员-合作伙伴相互依赖模型框架内进行检查， 这将允许有效分析双方的交叉身份以及风险和弹性因素 在个人和夫妻层面上。 通过拟议的紧急竞争性修订扩大母公司补助金具有很大的潜力，可以告知如何 流行性压力有助于SGM夫妇中酒精相关IPV犯罪的病因学模型， 宣传文化敏感、负担低和易于传播干预措施，以减轻这些影响， 在大流行病期间，获得护理的机会有限。因此，该项目具有很大的潜力，以影响公众 卫生，特别是在流行病期间脆弱的SGM社区。