Proximal Effects of Alcohol on Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence

酒精对同性亲密伴侣暴力的近端影响

• 批准号: 10201337
• 负责人: Dominic Parrott
• 金额: $ 15.17万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10201337
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anger; Attention; Attenuated; Birth; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Coping Behavior; Couples; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dependence; Economics; Etiology; Gender Identity; Goals; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Heterosexuals; Individual; Intervention; Link; Measurement; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Same-sex; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Social Impacts; Social support; Stress; Text Messaging; Time; Unemployment; alcohol effect; attentional control; base; binge drinking; cisgender; design; diaries; distress tolerance; drinking; economic impact; emotion regulation; experience; gender minority; health care availability; intimate partner violence; longitudinal design; minority communities; pandemic disease; parent grant; physical conditioning; recruit; resilience; response; sex; sexual minority; skills; social; stressor; violence perpetration

Research indicates that stress and its concomitant negative mental health and physical health outcomes are direct results of pandemic episodes1. Stress related to COVID-19 is no exception2 3 4. We argue that this stress – which we term COVID-19 stress – is temporally and proximally related to increases in HED and IPV perpetration in sexual and gender minority (SGM) couples. This focus on SGM couples is purposeful. Because the COVID-19 pandemic poses greater economic, social, and personal challenges for SGM people 5, they must cope with both COVID-19 stress and well-established minority stressors 6. Thus, they are more likely to engage in maladaptive coping behaviors, including HED and IPV, relative to cisgender, heterosexual people. There are myriad weaknesses in the rigor of research on HED and/or IPV in SGM couples, which include: (1) few studies which distinguish between sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, and gender identity; (2) inadequate sample sizes of gender minorities; (3) poor operational definitions, and thus weak measurement, of HED and IPV; and (4) dependence on cross-sectional study designs which cannot model the temporal relation between relevant risk factors and HED or IPV perpetration. Our team is uniquely positioned to address these weaknesses via two aims: (1) evaluate the impact of COVID-19 stress and SGM stress on HED and IPV perpetration, and (2) evaluate a brief, low-resource intervention to mitigate the effects of these stressors. These aims will be achieved by using a longitudinal measurement burst daily diary design that includes four 14- day bursts with three 14-day intervals between each burst. During Intervals #2 and #3, participants will be randomly assigned to receive (1) two daily CBT-based text messages that focuses on emotion regulation, distress tolerance skills, and/or alcohol reduction strategies, (2) two daily text messages that serve as an attention control, or (3) no text messages. Our sample of 240 couples will be comprised of 120 couples in which both partners identify as cisgender and a sexual minority and 120 couples in which at least one partner identifies as a gender minority, meaning one’s gender identity is non-congruent with the sex they were assigned at birth. Effects will be examined within an Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling framework, which will allow for valid analysis of both partners’ intersecting identities as well as risk and resilience factors at the individual- and couple-level. Expansion of the parent grant via the proposed urgent competitive revision has high potential to inform how pandemic stress contributes to etiological models of alcohol-related IPV perpetration in SGM couples and inform a culturally-sensitive, low burden, and easy to disseminate intervention to mitigate these effects critical during a pandemic when access to care is limited. As such, this project has high potential to impact public health, particularly in vulnerable SGM communities during a pandemic.

研究表明，压力及其伴随的负面心理健康和身体健康结果 大流行事件的直接结果1。与 COVID-19 相关的压力也不例外2 3 4。我们认为这种压力 – 我们称之为 COVID-19 压力——与 HED 和 IPV 的增加在时间上和近端相关 性少数和性别少数 (SGM) 夫妇中的犯罪行为。这种对SGM夫妇的关注是有目的的。因为 COVID-19大流行给SGM人带来了更大的经济、社会和个人挑战5，他们必须 应对 COVID-19 压力和既定的少数族裔压力源 6。因此，他们更有可能参与 与顺性别、异性恋者相关的适应不良应对行为，包括 HED 和 IPV。 SGM 夫妇中 HED 和/或 IPV 研究的严谨性存在诸多弱点，其中包括：(1) 很少有研究区分出生性别、性取向和性别认同； (2) 性别少数群体的样本量不足； (3) 操作性定义不佳，因此测量能力薄弱 HED 和 IPV； (4) 依赖于不能模拟时间关系的横截面研究设计 相关风险因素与 HED 或 IPV 实施之间的关系。我们的团队拥有独特的优势来解决这些问题 通过两个目标来评估弱点：(1) 评估 COVID-19 压力和 SGM 压力对 HED 和 IPV 的影响 (2) 评估一个简短的、低资源的干预措施，以减轻这些压力源的影响。 这些目标将通过使用纵向测量突发日记设计来实现，其中包括四个 14- 日突发，每个突发之间有 3 个 14 天的间隔。在第 2 和第 3 时段期间，参与者将 随机分配接收 (1) 两条每日基于 CBT 的短信，重点关注情绪调节， 承受压力的技能和/或戒酒策略，(2) 每天两条短信，作为 注意力控制，或 (3) 没有短信。我们的 240 对夫妇样本中将包含 120 对夫妇，其中 双方伴侣都被认定为顺性别者和性少数群体，并且 120 对夫妇中至少有一个伴侣 被认为是性别少数群体，这意味着一个人的性别认同与他们本来的性别不一致 出生时就被分配。效果将在演员-合作伙伴相互依赖建模框架内进行检查， 这将允许对合作伙伴的交叉身份以及风险和弹性因素进行有效分析 在个人和夫妻层面。 通过拟议的紧急竞争性修订扩大母公司拨款很有可能告诉我们如何 大流行压力有助于 SGM 夫妇中与酒精相关的 IPV 发生的病因模型 告知文化敏感、负担轻且易于传播的干预措施，以减轻这些影响至关重要 在大流行期间获得护理的机会有限。因此，该项目具有影响公众的巨大潜力 健康，特别是在大流行期间脆弱的 SGM 社区。