Creating and Optimizing Mindfulness Measures to Enhance and Normalize Clinical Evaluation (COMMENCE)

项目摘要/摘要 背景：正念干预在公共卫生和临床中占有重要地位。 是美国国立卫生研究院资助的数百项试验的重点。然而，在正念的定义上仍然存在着显著的差距。 使用目前可用的自我报告结果工具作为一个结构进行衡量。由于数量庞大， 现有的正念测量工具，每个工具都以不同的方式测量不同的概念，因此很难 确定MBI参与者是否真的培养了正念技能和态度，以及健康结果是否可以 归因于正念能力的提高。此外，不可能将一个正念试验的结果与另一个试验的结果进行比较。 使用相同的测量标准。患者报告结果测量信息系统(PROIS)具有 建立了一套严格而系统的仪器开发方法，借鉴了定性、定量和 先进的心理测量方法，以创建简短、准确、灵活、标准化和临床相关的结果工具。 此外，Promis相关应用程序，如PROsetta Stone，使心理测量分数能够在 Promis和遗留措施使用复杂的十字路口分析技术。 目的：通过应用PROMIS和PROMIS提高MBI研究结果的严谨性、相关性和可重复性 普罗塞塔·斯通仪器开发方法论应用于正念测量领域。 研究设计：我们将通过以下三个目标以及相关的发展和分析来完成我们的研究 活动：目标1。开发新的正念题库。这将包括：1)文献综述，2)在线 正念研究人员调查(n=50)；3)个人访谈(n=20)和焦点小组(n=48参与者) 和经验丰富的冥想者；4)项目写作和提炼；6)可译性审查；7)认知访谈(n=30) 与正念导师和社区成员在一起。目标2.新正念题库和分数的校准 与传统措施相关联。这将包括：1)在大型网上测试新的正念题库 人群样本(n=4200)和正念教师和学生在线样本(n=500)；2)评估 维度和其他项目反应理论(IRT)假设；3)进行IRT分析；以及4)创建 计算机化的适应性测试(CATS)和固定长度的简短表格；5)将新的正念题库与传统的正念题库联系起来 正念测量和创建记分十字走表(n=3000)。目标3.新正念短文的有效性 正在进行的正念课程中的表格。对于基于经典测试理论的验证结果(例如，构造和 标准相关效度)、对变化的响应性以及对最小重要差异的估计，我们将 管理新的正念简短表格、遗留措施和基于绩效的体验式正念任务 在美国各地进行的多个8周MBI课程项目中的基线、8周和16周 州(n=250)。相关性：将Promis和Prosetta Stone方法应用于正念测量可能 通过提高测量精度、标准化和 研究之间和研究之间的可比性：过去、现在和未来。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have a prominent place in public health and clinical research, and are the focus of hundreds of NIH-funded trials. Nevertheless, significant gaps exist in how mindfulness is measured as a construct using currently available self-reported outcomes instruments. Due to the sheer number of available mindfulness measurement tools, each measuring different concepts in different ways, it has become difficult to establish whether MBI participants actually develop mindfulness skills and attitudes, and whether health outcomes can be attributed to gains in mindfulness. Further, it is not possible to compare findings from one mindfulness trial with another using the same measurement metric. The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has established a rigorous and systematic instrument development methodology that draws from qualitative, quantitative and advanced psychometric approaches to create brief, precise, flexible, standardized, and clinically-relevant outcomes tools. Further, PROMIS-related applications such as PROsetta Stone, have enabled psychometric score linking between PROMIS and legacy measures using sophisticated cross-walk analytic techniques. OBJECTIVE: To improve the rigor, relevance, and reproducibility of MBI research results by applying PROMIS and PROsetta Stone instrument development methodologies to the field of mindfulness measurement. STUDY DESIGN: We will accomplish our study through the following three aims and related development and analysis activities: AIM 1. Development of New Mindfulness Item Banks. This will include: 1) a literature review, 2) online survey of mindfulness researchers (n=50); 3) individual interviews (n=20) and focus groups (n=48 participants) with new and experienced meditators; 4) item writing and refinement; 6) translatability review; and 7) cognitive interviews (n=30) with mindfulness instructors and community members. AIM 2. Calibration of New Mindfulness Item Banks and Score Linking with Legacy Measures. This will include: 1) testing new mindfulness item banks in a large online general population sample (n=4200) and online sample of mindfulness teachers and students (n=500); 2) evaluating dimensionality and other Item Response Theory (IRT) assumptions; 3) Conducting IRT analyses; and 4) Creating computerized adaptive tests (CATs) and fixed length short forms; 5) Linking new mindfulness item banks with legacy mindfulness measures and creating scoring cross walk tables (n=3000). AIM 3. Validation of New Mindfulness Short Forms in Ongoing Mindfulness Courses. For Classic Test Theory-based validation outcomes (e.g., construct and criterion-related validity), responsiveness to change, and estimation of minimally important differences, we will administer new mindfulness short forms, legacy measures, and a performance-based experiential mindfulness task at baseline, 8-weeks, and 16 weeks in multiple, on-going 8-week MBI courses programs occurring throughout the United States (n=250). RELEVANCE: Applying PROMIS and PROsetta Stone methods to mindfulness measurement could have a major impact on mindfulness research through increasing measurement precision, standardization, and comparability across and between studies: past, present, and future.