Creating and Optimizing Mindfulness Measures to Enhance and Normalize Clinical Evaluation (COMMENCE)

项目总结/摘要 背景：基于正念的干预（MBI）在公共卫生和临床中占有重要地位 研究，并且是数百个NIH资助的试验的重点。尽管如此，在正念如何在 使用目前可用的自我报告结果工具作为一个结构进行测量。由于数量庞大， 现有的正念测量工具，每一个测量不同的概念以不同的方式，它已变得困难， 确定MBI参与者是否真的发展了正念技能和态度，以及健康结果是否可以 以德为本，以德为本。此外，不可能将一个正念试验的结果与另一个进行比较 使用相同的度量标准。患者报告结局测量信息系统（PROMIS） 建立了严格和系统的仪器开发方法，从定性，定量和 先进的心理测量方法，以创建简短，精确，灵活，标准化和临床相关的结果工具。 此外，PROMIS相关的应用程序，如PROsetta Stone，已经实现了心理测量分数之间的联系， PROMIS和遗留措施使用复杂的交叉分析技术。 目的：通过应用PROMIS和 PROsetta Stone仪器开发方法论到正念测量领域。 研究设计：通过以下三个目标及相关的展开和分析来完成本研究 活动：目标1。开发新的正念题库。这将包括：1）文献综述，2）在线 正念研究者的调查（n=50）; 3）个人访谈（n=20）和焦点小组（n=48参与者）与新的 和经验丰富的冥想者; 4）项目写作和提炼; 6）可译性审查;和7）认知访谈（n=30） 与正念导师和社区成员。AIM 2.新正念测验题库和分数的校准 与传统措施联系起来。这将包括：1）在一个大型的在线一般测试新的正念项目银行 人口样本（n=4200）和正念教师和学生的在线样本（n=500）; 2）评估 维度和其他项目反应理论（IRT）假设; 3）进行IRT分析; 4）创建 计算机化自适应测试（CAT）和固定长度的简短表格; 5）将新的正念项目库与传统项目库联系起来 正念测量和创建评分交叉步行表（n=3000）。AIM 3.验证新的正念短 正在进行的正念课程的形式。对于基于经典测试理论的验证结果（例如，构建和 标准相关效度），对变化的反应能力，以及对最小重要差异的估计，我们将 管理新的正念简短形式，传统措施，以及基于绩效的体验式正念任务， 基线，8周和16周，在多个，持续8周的MBI课程计划发生在整个美国 国家（n=250）。相关性：将PROMIS和PROsetta Stone方法应用于正念测量可以 通过提高测量精度，标准化和 研究之间的可比性：过去、现在和未来。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have a prominent place in public health and clinical research, and are the focus of hundreds of NIH-funded trials. Nevertheless, significant gaps exist in how mindfulness is measured as a construct using currently available self-reported outcomes instruments. Due to the sheer number of available mindfulness measurement tools, each measuring different concepts in different ways, it has become difficult to establish whether MBI participants actually develop mindfulness skills and attitudes, and whether health outcomes can be attributed to gains in mindfulness. Further, it is not possible to compare findings from one mindfulness trial with another using the same measurement metric. The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has established a rigorous and systematic instrument development methodology that draws from qualitative, quantitative and advanced psychometric approaches to create brief, precise, flexible, standardized, and clinically-relevant outcomes tools. Further, PROMIS-related applications such as PROsetta Stone, have enabled psychometric score linking between PROMIS and legacy measures using sophisticated cross-walk analytic techniques. OBJECTIVE: To improve the rigor, relevance, and reproducibility of MBI research results by applying PROMIS and PROsetta Stone instrument development methodologies to the field of mindfulness measurement. STUDY DESIGN: We will accomplish our study through the following three aims and related development and analysis activities: AIM 1. Development of New Mindfulness Item Banks. This will include: 1) a literature review, 2) online survey of mindfulness researchers (n=50); 3) individual interviews (n=20) and focus groups (n=48 participants) with new and experienced meditators; 4) item writing and refinement; 6) translatability review; and 7) cognitive interviews (n=30) with mindfulness instructors and community members. AIM 2. Calibration of New Mindfulness Item Banks and Score Linking with Legacy Measures. This will include: 1) testing new mindfulness item banks in a large online general population sample (n=4200) and online sample of mindfulness teachers and students (n=500); 2) evaluating dimensionality and other Item Response Theory (IRT) assumptions; 3) Conducting IRT analyses; and 4) Creating computerized adaptive tests (CATs) and fixed length short forms; 5) Linking new mindfulness item banks with legacy mindfulness measures and creating scoring cross walk tables (n=3000). AIM 3. Validation of New Mindfulness Short Forms in Ongoing Mindfulness Courses. For Classic Test Theory-based validation outcomes (e.g., construct and criterion-related validity), responsiveness to change, and estimation of minimally important differences, we will administer new mindfulness short forms, legacy measures, and a performance-based experiential mindfulness task at baseline, 8-weeks, and 16 weeks in multiple, on-going 8-week MBI courses programs occurring throughout the United States (n=250). RELEVANCE: Applying PROMIS and PROsetta Stone methods to mindfulness measurement could have a major impact on mindfulness research through increasing measurement precision, standardization, and comparability across and between studies: past, present, and future.