Seroprevalence of COVID-19 of cancer patients in Tanzania

坦桑尼亚癌症患者的 COVID-19 血清阳性率

• 批准号: 10202902
• 负责人: Amr Soliman
• 金额: $ 14.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202902
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; AIDS related cancer; AIDS/HIV problem; Affect; Africa; African; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antibodies; Antibody Response; Asia; Blood Banks; Blood donor; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Cancer Patient; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; China; Collaborations; Collection; Coronavirus; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Progression; Educational Intervention; Egypt; Elderly; Epidemiology; Epitopes; Europe; Exposure to; General Population; HIV; HIV Seropositivity; HIV-1; Hepatitis; Herpesviridae; High-Risk Cancer; Human Herpesvirus 8; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Human papilloma virus infection; Immune response; Immune system; Immunologic Factors; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Infectious Agent; Institutes; International; Kaposi Sarcoma; Knowledge; Lead; Leukocytes; Low Prevalence; Lung diseases; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Nucleocapsid Proteins; Oceans; Pathogenesis; Patient Recruitments; Patients; Plasma; Population; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Prospective cohort; Proteins; Reporting; Research Design; Rest; Risk Factors; Sampling; Seroprevalences; Severities; Specimen; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Viral; anticancer research; burden of illness; cancer therapy; comorbidity; cross reactivity; cytokine; high risk; immunosuppressed; mortality; pandemic disease; prevent; protective effect

The SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread worldwide causing the global pandemic. There are a number of comorbidities and risk factors associated with COVID-19 and cancer patients could be at particular higher risk since they tend to be older, likely to have multiple comorbidities, and are often immunosuppressed due to the disease and cancer treatment. Our team has been collaborating with the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania through an NCI U54 CA190155 Cancer Research International Training and Intervention Consortium project to study HIV/AIDS associated cancers in Tanzania. As part of that collaboration, we investigated the prevalence of a number of other common infectious agents in the population, such as the Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus, hepatitis and HIV, by testing plasma collected from cancer patients and blood bank donors. Because this collection was prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have retested some of them recently and have detected antibody responses that appear to target the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. This suggests that cross-reactive antibodies were present in a portion of the Tanzanian population prior to the outbreak, which could confer some protection against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, our overall objective is to develop a better understanding of potential immunological factors that may contribute to partial protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease pathogenesis in cancer patients in Tanzania. We hypothesize that cross- reactive antibodies against different strains of coronaviruses in Africa are present prior to the pandemic, which will provide cross protection to prevent an increase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19, in both cancer patients and the general population in Tanzania during the pandemic. Our specific aim is to determine and compare the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among cancer patients and the general population, prior to and during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This will be carried out by: a) analyzing the cancer patients plasma collected by our ongoing U54 current prior to the pandemic and those collected from a prospective cohort of cancer patients recruited during the pandemic by this proposed study, for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; b) analyzing a large panel of normal blood donors collected prior to the pandemic and a second panel collected prospectively by this study during the current pandemic; c) compare the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between cancer patients and the general population before and during the current pandemic. The proposed study is significant and timely because it will synergize with our ongoing U54 project and utilize its collected patients’ specimen, to determine the protective effect of cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in both HIV-1 infected and uninfected cancer patients in comparison to the general population, both prior to and during the current pandemic.

SARS冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)在全球范围内迅速传播，造成了全球大流行。有许多与新冠肺炎相关的合并症和风险因素，癌症患者可能面临特别高的风险，因为他们往往年龄较大，可能有多种合并症，并且通常由于疾病和癌症治疗而免疫抑制。我们的团队一直通过NCI U54 CA190155癌症研究国际培训和干预联盟项目与坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆的海洋之路癌症研究所(ORCI)合作，研究坦桑尼亚的艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关癌症。作为这项合作的一部分，我们通过检测从癌症患者和血库捐赠者那里收集的血浆，调查了人群中其他一些常见传染病的流行率，如卡波西肉瘤疱疹病毒、肝炎和艾滋病毒。由于这次收集是在新冠肺炎大流行之前，我们最近重新检测了其中一些，并检测到似乎针对SARS-CoV-2蛋白的抗体反应。这表明，在疫情爆发之前，坦桑尼亚部分人群中存在交叉反应抗体，这可能对SARS-CoV-2具有一定的保护作用。因此，我们的总体目标是更好地了解可能有助于部分保护坦桑尼亚癌症患者免受SARS-CoV-2感染和新冠肺炎疾病发病机制的潜在免疫学因素。我们假设，非洲不同冠状病毒株的交叉反应抗体在大流行之前就已经存在，这将提供交叉保护，以防止在大流行期间癌症患者和坦桑尼亚普通人群中SARS-CoV-2感染和新冠肺炎的增加。我们的具体目标是确定和比较在当前新冠肺炎大流行之前和期间，癌症患者和普通人群中抗SARS-CoV-2抗体的流行率。这项工作将通过以下方式进行：a)分析大流行前由我们目前正在进行的U54收集的癌症患者血浆，以及本拟议研究在大流行期间招募的癌症患者预期队列中收集的血浆中是否存在抗SARS-CoV-2抗体；b)分析大流行前收集的一大批正常献血者以及本研究在当前大流行期间预期收集的第二个样本；c)比较当前大流行之前癌症患者和普通人群中抗SARS-CoV-2抗体的流行率。这项拟议的研究是重要和及时的，因为它将与我们正在进行的U54项目协同作用，并利用其收集的患者样本，以确定在当前大流行之前和期间，针对SARS-CoV-2的交叉反应抗体在HIV-1感染和未感染的癌症患者中相对于普通人群的保护效果。