Seroprevalence of COVID-19 of cancer patients in Tanzania

坦桑尼亚癌症患者的 COVID-19 血清阳性率

• 批准号: 10202902
• 负责人: Amr Soliman
• 金额: $ 14.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202902
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; AIDS related cancer; AIDS/HIV problem; Affect; Africa; African; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antibodies; Antibody Response; Asia; Blood Banks; Blood donor; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Cancer Patient; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; China; Collaborations; Collection; Coronavirus; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Progression; Educational Intervention; Egypt; Elderly; Epidemiology; Epitopes; Europe; Exposure to; General Population; HIV; HIV Seropositivity; HIV-1; Hepatitis; Herpesviridae; High-Risk Cancer; Human Herpesvirus 8; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Human papilloma virus infection; Immune response; Immune system; Immunologic Factors; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Infectious Agent; Institutes; International; Kaposi Sarcoma; Knowledge; Lead; Leukocytes; Low Prevalence; Lung diseases; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Nucleocapsid Proteins; Oceans; Pathogenesis; Patient Recruitments; Patients; Plasma; Population; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Prospective cohort; Proteins; Reporting; Research Design; Rest; Risk Factors; Sampling; Seroprevalences; Severities; Specimen; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Viral; anticancer research; burden of illness; cancer therapy; comorbidity; cross reactivity; cytokine; high risk; immunosuppressed; mortality; pandemic disease; prevent; protective effect

The SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread worldwide causing the global pandemic. There are a number of comorbidities and risk factors associated with COVID-19 and cancer patients could be at particular higher risk since they tend to be older, likely to have multiple comorbidities, and are often immunosuppressed due to the disease and cancer treatment. Our team has been collaborating with the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania through an NCI U54 CA190155 Cancer Research International Training and Intervention Consortium project to study HIV/AIDS associated cancers in Tanzania. As part of that collaboration, we investigated the prevalence of a number of other common infectious agents in the population, such as the Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus, hepatitis and HIV, by testing plasma collected from cancer patients and blood bank donors. Because this collection was prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have retested some of them recently and have detected antibody responses that appear to target the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. This suggests that cross-reactive antibodies were present in a portion of the Tanzanian population prior to the outbreak, which could confer some protection against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, our overall objective is to develop a better understanding of potential immunological factors that may contribute to partial protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease pathogenesis in cancer patients in Tanzania. We hypothesize that cross- reactive antibodies against different strains of coronaviruses in Africa are present prior to the pandemic, which will provide cross protection to prevent an increase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19, in both cancer patients and the general population in Tanzania during the pandemic. Our specific aim is to determine and compare the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among cancer patients and the general population, prior to and during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This will be carried out by: a) analyzing the cancer patients plasma collected by our ongoing U54 current prior to the pandemic and those collected from a prospective cohort of cancer patients recruited during the pandemic by this proposed study, for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; b) analyzing a large panel of normal blood donors collected prior to the pandemic and a second panel collected prospectively by this study during the current pandemic; c) compare the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between cancer patients and the general population before and during the current pandemic. The proposed study is significant and timely because it will synergize with our ongoing U54 project and utilize its collected patients’ specimen, to determine the protective effect of cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in both HIV-1 infected and uninfected cancer patients in comparison to the general population, both prior to and during the current pandemic.

SARS-Coronavirus-2（SARS-COV-2）在全球范围内迅速传播，引起全球大流行。与COVID-19有关的合并症和风险因素有很多，癌症患者的风险尤其较高，因为它们往往年龄较大，可能具有多种合并症，并且由于疾病和癌症治疗而经常受到免疫抑制。我们的团队一直通过NCI U54 CA190155癌症研究国际培训和干预协会项目与位于坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆的海洋公路癌症研究所（ORCI）合作，以研究坦桑尼亚的HIV/AIDS相关癌症。作为该合作的一部分，我们通过测试从癌症患者和血库捐助者中收集的血浆，调查了人群中许多其他常见的传染剂的患病率。由于该集合是在Covid-19大流行之前的，因此我们最近重新测试了其中一些，并检测到似乎针对SARS-COV-2蛋白的抗体反应。这表明在爆发之前，坦桑尼亚人口的一部分存在交叉反应性抗体，这可以对SARS-COV-2进行一些保护。这是我们的总体目标是对坦桑尼亚癌症患者的SARS-COV-2感染和COVID-19疾病发病机理有助于对潜在的免疫因素更好地了解潜在的免疫因素。我们假设在大流行之前存在针对非洲不同冠状病毒菌株的交叉反应性抗体，该抗体将提供交叉保护，以防止在大流行期间，癌症患者和坦桑尼亚的癌症患者和一般人群在癌症患者和一般人群中都可以增加SARS-COV-2感染和Covid-19。我们的具体目的是确定和比较癌症患者和普通人群中抗SARS-COV-2抗体的普遍性，在当前的Covid-19-19-19大流行中。这将通过以下方式进行： b）分析在大流行前收集的一大批正常献血者，并在当前大流行期间由这项研究预期收集的第二个面板； c）比较癌症患者与当前大流行之前和一般人群之间抗SARS-COV-2抗体的患病率。拟议的研究具有重要意义和及时，因为它将与我们正在进行的U54项目协同作用，并利用其收集的患者的标本，以确定与HIV-1感染和未感染的癌症患者相比，与普通人群相比，在当前的流血中，对HIV-1感染和未感染的癌症患者的SARS-COV-2抗体的保护作用。