AOD Use Trajectories from Age 10 to 24: Multi-level Predictors, Health and Behavioral Functioning, and Racial/ethnic Disparities

摘要/摘要 最近对弹道研究的回顾发现，有大量的研究旨在更好地理解 酒精和其他药物(AOD)的使用模式从青春期早期到青春期晚期和青春期晚期到 即将进入成年期。然而，到目前为止，还没有研究：a)对10-24岁年龄段使用AOD的13项评估 所有发展阶段(初中、高中和成年初期)；b)大样本 大量种族和族裔多样性，特别是在西班牙裔和亚裔青年中；c)深入报道10 三个关键领域的运作领域；d)主观和客观的邻里数据；e) 检查多种物质的发展轨迹的能力。目前的提议继续进行 R01AA016577和R01AA020883(PI：D‘Amico)，他们一起评估了九波AOD的使用情况 从10岁到19岁的数据。这项拟议的研究利用了关于保护和风险的纵向数据 我们从10岁起收集的各种因素(西班牙裔占44%，亚裔占21%，白人占21%；黑人占2%，占12% 多族裔/其他人；54%为女性)，继续每年对这些青年进行评估，以获取重要的 过渡到新兴的成人期。我们的具体目标是：目标1a：确定酒精、烟草、 大麻和其他毒品的使用从10岁一直持续到成年。根据种族/民族评估差异。目标 1B：检查个人(例如抵抗力自我效能)、同伴(例如同伴使用)和家庭(例如父母不赞成 使用)可能影响这些轨迹的因素。测试这些关联中的相似性/差异性 种族/民族群体。目标2a：将调查数据与现有最大的邻里数据库进行合并 审查邻里特征的影响的措施(经济、社会、人口、酒精和 大麻出口密度)。目标2b：测试这些联系的相似/不同之处 跨种族/民族群体。目标3a：检查AOD在初中和高中是如何使用轨迹的 在三个核心领域预测到24岁的结果：1)危险行为(例如，AOD使用，危险性行为， 犯罪)，2)与健康有关的生活质量(例如，心理、身体、社交)，以及3)成人角色功能和 转变(例如，教育、人际关系、生活满意度)。目标3b：测试它们之间的相似/不同之处 不同种族/民族之间的联系。目标4a：使用每年从20-24岁收集的新数据，检查 成人角色功能和转变如何纵向预测AOD使用和其他方面的后续变化 成年初期的危险行为以及与健康相关的生活质量。目标4b：测试 这些联系在种族/民族群体中的相似/不同之处。通过推进流行性感冒的流行病学 在青春期和成年初期饮酒，我们的发现可以影响预防和 为年轻人制定干预方案，并解决公共卫生政策问题。 1

Summary/Abstract A recent review of trajectory research found that there is a great deal of research aimed at better understanding transitions in alcohol and other drug (AOD) use patterns from early to late adolescence and late adolescence to emerging adulthood. However, no studies to date have: a) 13 assessments of AOD use from age 10-24 across all developmental periods (middle school, high school, and emerging adulthood); b) a large sample with substantial racial and ethnic diversity, particularly among Hispanic and Asian youth; c) in-depth coverage of 10 areas of functioning across three key domains; d) subjective and objective neighborhood data; and e) the capacity to examine developmental trajectories for more than one substance. The current proposal continues R01AA016577 and R01AA020883 (PI: D’Amico), which together have assessed AOD use across nine waves of data from age 10 to age 19. The proposed study capitalizes on the longitudinal data on protective and risk factors we have collected since age 10 in a diverse cohort (44% Hispanic, 21% Asian, 21% white; 2% Black, 12% multiethnic/other; 54% female) by continuing to annually assess these youth in order to capture important transitions to emerging adulthood. Our specific aims are to: Aim 1a: Identify trajectories of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and other drug use from age 10 into emerging adulthood. Assess differences by race/ethnicity. Aim 1b: Examine individual (e.g., resistance self-efficacy), peer (e.g., peer use) and family (e.g., parent disapproval of use) factors that may impact these trajectories. Test for similarities/differences in these associations across racial/ethnic groups. Aim 2a: Merge the survey data with the largest existing database of neighborhood measures to examine effects of neighborhood characteristics (economic, social, demographic, alcohol and marijuana outlet density) on AOD trajectories. Aim 2b: Test for similarities/differences in these associations across racial/ethnic groups. Aim 3a: Examine how AOD use trajectories during middle and high school predict outcomes through age 24 in three core domains: 1) risk behaviors (e.g., AOD use, risky sexual behavior, delinquency), 2) health related quality of life (e.g., mental, physical, social), and 3) adult role functioning and transitions (e.g., education, relationships, life satisfaction). Aim 3b: Test for similarities/differences in these associations across racial/ethnic groups. Aim 4a: Using new data gathered annually from ages 20-24, examine how adult role functioning and transitions longitudinally predict subsequent changes in AOD use and other risk behaviors, as well as health-related quality of life, in emerging adulthood. Aim 4b: Test for similarities/differences in these associations across racial/ethnic groups. By advancing the epidemiology of alcohol use during adolescence and emerging adulthood, our findings can impact prevention and intervention programming for young people and address public health policy. 1