Distinguishing Youth with Conduct Disorder with Callous-Unemotional Traits using Cardiovascular Psychophysiology During Virtual Reality Fear Induction: Testing for Sex Differences

在虚拟现实恐惧诱导过程中使用心血管心理生理学区分行为障碍和冷酷无情特征的青少年：性别差异测试

• 批准号: 10209461
• 负责人: Nicholas David Thomson
• 金额: $ 56.11万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-15 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10209461
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Appearance; Arousal; Attention; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; CD6 antigen; Cardiovascular system; Child; Chronic; Clinical; Conduct Disorder; Data; Development; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Electromyography; Emotional; Emotions; Empathy; Etiology; Face; Feeling; Fright; Gender; Goals; Guilt; Heterogeneity; Immersion; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Legal; Life; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Negative Valence; Occupational; Outcomes Research; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Physiological; Positive Valence; Prevention; Psychophysiology; Punishment; Reporting; Research; Sex Differences; Sinus Arrhythmia; Societies; Subgroup; Symptoms; Technology; Temperament; Testing; Time; Treatment Effectiveness; Treatment Efficacy; Violence; Youth; antisocial behavior; base; boys; callous unemotional trait; criminal behavior; emotion dysregulation; experience; externalizing behavior; family burden; girls; high risk population; improved; indexing; information processing; innovation; physical conditioning; respiratory; screening; sex; social; theories; treatment strategy; virtual reality

ABSTRACT: Conduct disorder (CD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders impacting our youth. Unfortunately, the effects of CD are not limited to these early years. Youth with CD are more likely to develop lifelong mental and physical health problems, which is why CD is responsible for 5.75 million years of healthy life lost. There is mixed evidence supporting the effectiveness of treatment for CD, and this may be because youth with CD have differing etiological mechanisms. Research has shown that there is heterogeneity among youth with CD, with a subgroup of CD youth displaying more severe behavioral and personality symptoms, called callous-unemotional (CU) traits. CU traits is a specifier for CD that designates a high-risk group of youth who engage in chronic violence and criminal behavior, placing a significant burden on families and society. The key distinction is that these youth show distinct personality symptoms that current CD interventions are not equipped to treat, such as callousness towards others, lack of empathy and guilt for their harmful behaviors, and shallow/diminished affect. Understanding the mechanisms behind CU traits is essential for equipping interventions with the knowledge needed to employ a targeted approach for treating CU traits. Longstanding theories suggest that fearlessness is a key mechanism in the development of CU traits. However, biological evidence supporting the association between CU traits and fearlessness is deficient, and the current state of this examination has been restricted because of ecological validity. We will examine the association between fear and CU traits in youth (13-17 years) with CD by measuring sympathetic (pre-ejection period) and parasympathetic nervous system reactivity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) during immersion in cutting edge virtual reality (VR) fear induction. We will concurrently apply facial electromyography to assess levels of positive and negative valence. We will also determine sex differences in these associations, as well as provide evidence of how biological fear profiles contribute to the stability of CU traits over 12 months during the adolescent period. The potential benefits of the proposal are high. Based on our pilot data, we will test our hypothesis that youth with CU traits will display a unique biological profile to fear that cannot be explained by fearlessness, and these associations are sex-specific. Confirming this finding in youth with CD may lead to reshaping prior developmental theories of CU traits that could lead to improved screening and more favorable gender-responsive treatment strategies for our youth.

抽象的： 行为障碍（CD）是影响我们青年的最普遍，最令人衰弱的精神疾病之一。 不幸的是，CD的效果不仅限于这些早期。 CD的青年更有可能发展 终生的身心健康问题，这就是为什么CD负责575万年健康的原因 生活失去了。有不同的证据支持CD治疗的有效性，这可能是因为 CD的青年具有不同的病因机制。研究表明，之间存在异质性 具有CD的青年，带有CD青年的亚组，表现出更严重的行为和个性症状，称为 冷酷无情的（CU）特征。 CU特质是CD的规范，指定了一群高风险的年轻人 从事慢性暴力和犯罪行为，给家庭和社会带来巨大负担。钥匙 区别是这些年轻人表现出不同的人格症状，目前CD干预措施不配备 对待他人的危害和内gui，例如对他人的冷酷无情，对他们的有害行为缺乏罪恶感，并且 浅/浅的影响。了解CU性状背后的机制对于装备至关重要 采用针对性方法来治疗CU特征所需的知识的干预措施。长期存在 理论表明，无所畏惧是CU特征发展的关键机制。但是，生物学 支持铜质特征与无所畏惧之间的关联的证据是不足的，这是当前的状态 由于生态有效性，检查受到限制。我们将研究恐惧之间的关联 通过测量交感神经（审判前）和 在浸入尖端的副交感神经系统反应性（呼吸道窦性心律失常）虚拟 现实（VR）恐惧感​​应。我们将同时使用面部肌电图来评估正面和 负价。我们还将确定这些关联的性别差异，并提供证据 在青少年时期，生物恐惧概况如何在12个月内有助于CU特征的稳定性。 该提案的潜在好处很高。根据我们的飞行员数据，我们将测试我们的假设 具有Cu特征将显示出独特的生物学特征来恐惧，这是无所畏惧的解释，这些 协会是特定于性别的。确认CD青年发现的这一发现可能会导致重塑先前的发展 CU性状的理论可能会改善筛查和更有利的性别响应性治疗 我们青年的策略。