Emotion Regulation in Depression and the Aging Brain

情绪处理技能(EPS)，包括1)注意情绪；2)对情绪的基本感知；3) 人们用来调节自己情绪的策略。我们小组和其他人的研究表明，这些 三种构思发生在情绪加工的不同阶段。每股收益受人口统计变量的影响， 包括年龄和性别，以及包括严重抑郁症在内的神经精神疾病，以及 神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病。当人们健康地变老时，他们表现出 对积极刺激的感知和注意力普遍改善，对积极刺激的感知和注意力较差 负性刺激，以及不同模式的情绪调节(ER)技能。除年龄外，EPS还受到抑制 按性别。例如，在对年轻人和成年人群的研究中，女性往往表现出更强的 相对于男性的面部情绪感知技能，但更多地参与潜在的适应不良ER 在压力时期(即，沉思)可能导致抑郁症性别差异的策略 流行率。EPS在中晚期和老年的性别差异模式不太明显，而且仍然存在 不知道EPS在异常衰老过程中如何恶化，例如在抑郁症的情况下 症状学和神经退行性疾病。目前资助的R01奖旨在a)刻画性行为 作为中老年晚期(55-79岁)ER的调节因子；b)说明ER是如何被异常调节的 情感老化(例如，抑郁)，以及c)测量执行功能(EF)作为ER(EF)的部分中介 随着年龄和抑郁而下降，并被认为是成功的ER的关键)。作为一个探索性的目标，我们的目标是 来模型性和疾病的相互作用。我们多模式地研究这些结构，使用自我报告， 行为和神经成像工具，符合研究领域标准。这份副刊将使 美国将增加遗忘性轻度认知障碍(AMCI)和早期阿尔茨海默氏症患者样本 疾病(AD)添加到现有方案。样本将根据抑郁症状的严重程度、年龄和 教育，类似于最初的提议，以及关于认知严重程度分类(aMCI 与公元早期相比)。样本将来自SBU阿尔茨海默氏症卓越中心 (CEAD)。

Emotion processing skills (EPS), include 1) attention to emotions; 2) basic perception of emotions; and 3) strategies that people use to regulate their emotions. Studies from our group and others have shown that these three constructs occur at different stages of emotion processing. EPS are impacted by demographic variables, including age and sex, as well as neuropsychiatric illnesses, including Major Depression, and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s Disease. As people age in good health, they demonstrate generally improved perception for and attention to positive stimuli, poorer perception for and attention to negative stimuli, and different patterns of emotion regulation (ER) skills. In addition to age, EPS are moderated by sex. For example, in studies of young adult and adult populations, females tend to demonstrate stronger facial emotion perception skills relative to males, yet more frequently engage in potentially maladaptive ER strategies during times of stress (i.e., rumination) that may contribute to sex differences in depression prevalence. Patterns of sex differences in EPS during late-middle and older age are less clear, and it remains unknown how EPS worsen during abnormal aging processes, such as in the case of depressive symptomatology and neurodegenerative disease. The currently funded R01 Award aims to a) characterize sex as a moderator of ER during late middle and older age (55-79); b) illustrate how ER is moderated by abnormal affective aging (e.g., depression), and c) measure executive functioning (EF) as a partial mediator of ER (EF declines with age and depression, and is known to be critical to successful ER). As an exploratory aim, we aim to model interactions of sex and disease. We study these constructs multi-modally, using self-report, behavioral, and neuroimaging tools, in line with the Research Domain Criteria. This Supplement would enable us to add a sample of individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to the existing protocol. The sample will be stratified for depression symptom severity, age, and education, similar to the original proposal, as well as with regard to cognitive severity categorization (aMCI versus early AD) . The sample will be drawn from the SBU Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease (CEAD).