Emotion Regulation in Depression and the Aging Brain

情绪处理技能（EPS），包括1）对情绪的关注; 2）对情绪的基本感知; 3） 人们用来调节情绪的策略。我们小组和其他人的研究表明， 三种结构出现在情绪处理的不同阶段。EPS受人口统计变量的影响， 包括年龄和性别，以及神经精神疾病，包括重度抑郁症， 神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病。随着人们身体健康地变老， 对积极刺激的感知和注意力普遍改善，对积极刺激的感知和注意力较差， 负性刺激，以及不同的情绪调节（ER）技能模式。除年龄外，EPS也是适度的 按性别分列例如，在对年轻人和成年人的研究中，女性往往表现出更强的 面部情绪感知技能相对于男性，但更频繁地从事潜在的适应不良ER 在压力时期的策略（即，反刍），这可能有助于抑郁症的性别差异 普遍性。在中年晚期和老年期，EPS的性别差异模式不太清楚， 不知道EPS如何在异常衰老过程中恶化，例如在抑郁症的情况下， 神经病学和神经退行性疾病。目前获得资助的R 01奖旨在a）描述性 作为ER在中晚期和老年期间的调节剂（55-79）; B）说明ER如何被异常的 情感老化（例如，抑郁症），和c）测量执行功能（EF）作为ER（EF）的部分中介 随着年龄和抑郁症而下降，并且已知对成功的ER至关重要）。作为探索性目标，我们的目标是 来模拟性和疾病的相互作用我们研究这些结构多模态，使用自我报告， 行为和神经成像工具，符合研究领域标准。本补编将使 我们添加了一个患有遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）和早期阿尔茨海默氏症的个体样本， 疾病（AD）的现有协议。样本将根据抑郁症状的严重程度、年龄和 教育，类似于最初的建议，以及关于认知严重程度分类（aMCI 早期AD）。样本将从SBU阿尔茨海默病卓越中心抽取 （CEAD）。

Emotion processing skills (EPS), include 1) attention to emotions; 2) basic perception of emotions; and 3) strategies that people use to regulate their emotions. Studies from our group and others have shown that these three constructs occur at different stages of emotion processing. EPS are impacted by demographic variables, including age and sex, as well as neuropsychiatric illnesses, including Major Depression, and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s Disease. As people age in good health, they demonstrate generally improved perception for and attention to positive stimuli, poorer perception for and attention to negative stimuli, and different patterns of emotion regulation (ER) skills. In addition to age, EPS are moderated by sex. For example, in studies of young adult and adult populations, females tend to demonstrate stronger facial emotion perception skills relative to males, yet more frequently engage in potentially maladaptive ER strategies during times of stress (i.e., rumination) that may contribute to sex differences in depression prevalence. Patterns of sex differences in EPS during late-middle and older age are less clear, and it remains unknown how EPS worsen during abnormal aging processes, such as in the case of depressive symptomatology and neurodegenerative disease. The currently funded R01 Award aims to a) characterize sex as a moderator of ER during late middle and older age (55-79); b) illustrate how ER is moderated by abnormal affective aging (e.g., depression), and c) measure executive functioning (EF) as a partial mediator of ER (EF declines with age and depression, and is known to be critical to successful ER). As an exploratory aim, we aim to model interactions of sex and disease. We study these constructs multi-modally, using self-report, behavioral, and neuroimaging tools, in line with the Research Domain Criteria. This Supplement would enable us to add a sample of individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to the existing protocol. The sample will be stratified for depression symptom severity, age, and education, similar to the original proposal, as well as with regard to cognitive severity categorization (aMCI versus early AD) . The sample will be drawn from the SBU Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease (CEAD).