Network on Life Course Health Dynamics and Disparities in 21st Century America

拟议的补充包括将加入R24网络的五个创新试点项目 21世纪世纪美国生命过程健康动态和差异（NLCHDD）。所有五 项目是基于人口的社会科学研究，解决NIA宣布的优先事项， 阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）研究领域。此外，所有五个 直接推进家长补助金的总体目标和具体目标。总体 NLCHDD的目标是建立一个新兴的、成熟的和代表性不足的网络， 跨多个学科的生命历程和衰老研究人员，以产生新的证据， 传播数据和分析资源，以更好地了解令人担忧的趋势， 美国成年人健康和寿命在整个生命过程和地理环境中的差异。到 为了实现这一目标，NLCHDD鼓励创新和跨学科的研究， 通过多种活动，包括支持创新性试点项目，生成这一证据。 五个拟议的补充试点项目是：（1）教育，心理复原力， 和后期认知衰退将研究心理弹性的潜在作用， 在调解和减轻教育程度和认知能力之间的关联中起作用 下降，（2）美国老年人的邻里逆境和认知下降和痴呆症 成年人将研究长期暴露于邻里逆境如何影响认知能力下降 以及生理失调如何介导这种关联 以及心理社会资源如何减轻这种关联，（3）阿尔茨海默病， 城乡连续体中的相关痴呆症将研究ADRD如何发展， 时间和城乡连续体，以及这些模式在不同地区的差异， 居住地和按性别、种族/民族和教育定义的亚组，（4）空气- 基于化学毒物对老年人认知功能和损伤的影响， 将化学空气污染物暴露估计值与HRS HCAP子样本中的受访者联系起来 并研究暴露于空气污染和社会压力的协同效应， 认知功能的种族/民族差异，和（5）拟合的地理分布， 阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症的卫生政策行政部门 有效性：可修改的面积单位问题方法将整合来自多个 来源，以估计不同地理水平的ADRD差异， 不同的空间单位可能会模糊ADRD中地理变异的准确表示。 这些项目将产生关于ADRD的发展和差距的重要调查结果。

The proposed supplement consists of five innovative pilot projects to be added to the R24 Network on Life Course Health Dynamics and Disparities in 21st Century America (NLCHDD). All five projects are population-based social science research that address NIA’s announced priorities in the area of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) research. In addition, all five directly advance the overarching objective and specific aims of the parent grant. The overarching objective of the NLCHDD is to create a network of emerging, established, and underrepresented life course and aging researchers across multiple disciplines to generate new evidence and disseminate data and analytic resources to better understand the worrisome trends and disparities in U.S. adult health and longevity across the life course and in geographic context. To achieve this objective, the NLCHDD stimulates innovative and interdisciplinary research to generate this evidence through multiple activities, including supporting innovative pilot projects. The five proposed supplemental pilot projects are: (1) Education, Psychological Resilience, and Cognitive Decline in Later Life will examine the potential role that psychological resilience plays in mediating and mitigating the association between educational attainment and cognitive decline, (2) Neighborhood Adversity and Cognitive Decline and Dementia Among US Older Adults will examine how long-term exposure to neighborhood adversity impacts cognitive decline and dementia in older ages, and how physiological dysregulation may mediate the association and how psychosocial resources could mitigate the association, (3) Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias across the Rural-Urban Continuum will examine how ADRD develops over time and across the urban-rural continuum, and how these patterns differ across region of residence and subgroups defined by gender, race/ethnicity, and education, (4) Effects of Air- based Chemical Toxicants on Cognitive Function and Impairment Among Older Adults will link estimates of exposure to chemical air pollutants to respondents in the HRS HCAP subsample and investigate the synergistic effects of exposure to air pollution and social stressors on race/ethnic disparities in cognitive functioning, and (5) Fitting the Geographic Distribution of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias to Administrative Divisions for Health Policy Effectiveness: A Modifiable Areal Unit Problem Approach will integrate data from multiple sources to estimate variation in ADRD across various levels of geography to understand how different spatial units may obscure accurate representation of geographic variation in ADRD. These projects will produce important findings about the development of and disparities in ADRD.