Neural correlates of distress tolerance in tobacco addiction

烟草成瘾中痛苦耐受性的神经相关性

• 批准号: 10496770
• 负责人: Merideth A. Addicott
• 金额: $ 13.29万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-28 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10496770
• 关键词: Neural; correlates; distress; tolerance; tobacco

ABSTRACT Tobacco addiction is a costly and often fatal problem. Even with counseling and nicotine replacement therapy, most smokers relapse following a quit attempt. For many smokers and ex-smokers, cigarette smoking is provoked by affective distress, which includes cigarette cravings. The ability to cope with this distress and remain abstinent depends on one's level of distress tolerance, which is the ability to persist in a goal-directed activity while experiencing physical or affective discomfort. However, a gap in knowledge exists regarding the neural mechanisms that underlie distress tolerance. Identifying these neural mechanisms and understanding individual differences in distress tolerance holds promise for the development of new therapies and the improvement of cessation success through personalized interventions. Past research has shown that cigarette cravings and other forms of affective distress activate the insula, which may be the neural hub that connects the awareness of affective distress to motor and cognitive control regions that determine the subsequent behavioral response (e.g., smoking a cigarette to relieve cravings). However, previous studies that measured functional activity within brain regions have not provided specific information about functional connectivity between the insula and other brain regions. This information is vital to understanding complex behaviors. Based on our preliminary data, our central hypothesis is that insula-based connectivity underlies distress tolerance behavior in relation to smoking cessation. To investigate this hypothesis, we will investigate three Aims: Aim 1) examine the relationship between distress tolerance and insula-based connectivity, Aim 2) identify differences between smokers and ex- smokers, Aim 3) explore brain correlates of distress tolerance using multimodal fusion analysis. This data- driven approach will complement our hypotheses regarding insula-based connectivity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the neural mechanisms of distress tolerance in the service of smoking cessation. Furthermore, this study will greatly increase our understanding of why some smokers succeed in quitting. This measure could be used in the future to identify and treat smokers at increased risk for distress-related relapse. Thus, successful completion of this study will inform the development of personalized smoking interventions, as well as identify neural mechanisms that can be targeted by novel therapeutic techniques.

摘要 烟草成瘾是一个代价高昂、往往是致命的问题。即使有心理咨询和尼古丁替代疗法， 大多数吸烟者在尝试戒烟后会复发。对于许多吸烟者和戒烟者来说，吸烟是 受到情感困扰的刺激，其中包括对香烟的渴望。应对这种痛苦的能力和 保持节制取决于一个人对痛苦的容忍程度，这是一种坚持目标导向的能力 身体或情感上的不适时的活动。然而，关于这方面的知识存在差距 建立在痛苦耐受基础上的神经机制。识别这些神经机制并理解 痛苦耐受性的个体差异为开发新的治疗方法和 通过个性化干预提高戒烟成功率。 过去的研究表明，对香烟的渴望和其他形式的情感困扰激活了脑岛， 这可能是将情感困扰的意识与运动和认知控制联系起来的神经中枢 决定随后行为反应的区域(例如，吸烟以缓解渴望)。 然而，之前测量大脑区域功能活动的研究并没有提供具体的 有关脑岛和其他大脑区域之间的功能连接的信息。这一信息对于 理解复杂的行为。根据我们的初步数据，我们的中心假设是基于岛的 连通性是与戒烟有关的痛苦耐受行为的基础。 为了研究这一假说，我们将调查三个目的：目的1)考察 痛苦容忍度和基于岛屿的连接，目的2)确定吸烟者和前吸烟者之间的差异 吸烟者，目的3)使用多模式融合分析来探索大脑与痛苦耐受性的相关性。这些数据- 驱动方法将补充我们关于基于岛屿的连接的假设。 据我们所知，这是第一次研究焦虑耐受的神经机制。 戒烟服务。此外，这项研究将极大地增加我们对为什么一些 吸烟者成功戒烟。这一措施可能在未来用于识别和治疗吸烟者 增加与痛苦相关的复发风险。因此，这项研究的成功完成将使 开发个性化的吸烟干预措施，以及确定可以 以新的治疗技术为靶点。