Diet and Cognition within a Reserve framework

储备框架内的饮食和认知

• 批准号: 10360529
• 负责人: Yian Gu
• 金额: $ 66.2万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10360529
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain imaging; Capital; Chronology; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Data; Dementia; Demographic Factors; Development; Diet; Dietary Factors; Dietary Practices; Education; Elderly; Foundations; Health; Image; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Leisure Activities; Life Experience; Light; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Methods; Neurobiology; Neuropsychology; Participant; Pathologic; Pathology; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Predisposition; Preventive measure; Process; Proxy; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Research; Residual state; Role; Structure; Thick; Time; Variant; Work; age group; age related; aged; aging brain; base; brain morphology; brain volume; cognitive ability; cognitive benefits; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive reserve; cohort; design; dietary; dietary adherence; experience; follow-up; good diet; improved; insight; interest; lifestyle factors; middle age; modifiable lifestyle factors; multimodality; neuropathology; non-demented; nutrition; prevent; protective factors; resilience; white matter; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Age-related declines on many cognitive abilities are well documented and are highly associated with subsequent development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nevertheless, there is great variability in cognitive abilities across individuals in susceptibility to these age-related changes. It may help to identify potential preventive measures by elucidating the mechanisms underlying this variability. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience suggests that, among the elderly, variation in cognition might be due to the differences in present brain reserve [a combined result from peak brain reserve (peak BR; peak neurobiological capital at young age) and the brain maintenance (BM; ability of maintain against aging-related morphologic brain decline or pathological accumulation over time)] and cognitive reserve (CR; the extent of cognitive function exceeding what can be expected from a certain level of brain aging or pathology). Adherence to the Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) is one of the top modifiable protective factors against AD and cognitive decline in the literature. However, which of the three reserve concepts (BR, BM, and CR) play a role in the cognitive benefits of MeDi is unclear. Obtaining insight into the role of the reserve concepts in the context of diet and AD or cognition will assist to prioritize public health efforts and provide a firm foundation for dietary recommendations on cognitive resilience and AD prevention. We aim to examine the respective roles of BR, BM and CR in cognitive benefits of MeDi, using data from a unique research population which includes 562 cognitively healthy participants aged 20-80, evaluated with multimodal brain imaging measures, a neuropsychological battery, and questionnaires on many demographic and lifestyle factors. Five-year follow-up of the cohort is ongoing. Thus, we are well positioned to explore the association between MeDi and present BR in all age groups, of particular interest will be the present BR of young adults representing the peak BR. For BM, we have previously developed relative BM measures using cross-sectional data. More importantly, the longitudinal data will allow us to directly measure BM. Finally, we have extensive experience in CR quantification. Specifically, we will: 1) Examine whether healthy diet such as MeDi is associated with larger BR. We will examine whether closer adherence to MeDi is associated with larger BR in all age groups, with the association in the young adults approximating the association of MeDi with Peak BR. 2) Examine whether MeDi is associated with BM. We will examine whether MeDi is positively associated with a relative BM proxy using cross-sectional data, and with a direct measure of BM (using longitudinal change of brain measures). 3) Examine whether MeDi is associated with CR. Using cross-sectional data, we will examine whether MeDi is associated with a “residual” estimate of CR, or with the expression of previously identified CR-brain networks. Using longitudinal data, we will examine whether MeDi moderates the relationship between brain and cognitive change.

项目摘要/摘要 与年龄相关的许多认知能力的下降有据可查，并且高度相关 随后发展阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）。然而，认知有很大的可变性 跨个体的能力使这些与年龄相关的变化敏感。这可能有助于确定潜力 通过阐明这种变异性的机制来进行预防措施。认知的最新进展 神经科学表明，在古老的认知方面的差异可能是由于当前的差异 脑部储备[峰值脑部储备的综合结果（峰值BR；年轻时神经生物学资本） 和大脑维护（BM；保持与衰老相关的形态学大脑下降或 随着时间的推移，病理积累]和认知储备（CR；认知功能的程度超过 从一定水平的大脑衰老或病理学水平可以期待的）。坚持地中海类型 饮食（MEDI）是针对AD和文献中认知能力下降的最佳修改保护因素之一。 但是，三个储备概念（BR，BM和CR）中的哪个在MEDI的认知益处中起作用 不清楚。洞悉储备概念在饮食和广告或认知背景下的作用 协助优先考虑公共卫生工作，并为认知的饮食建议提供牢固的基础 弹性和预防。我们旨在研究BR，BM和CR在认知益处中的相关作用 Medi，使用来自独特研究人群的数据，其中包括562个认知健康的参与者 20-80岁，通过多模式脑成像测量，神经心理学电池和 许多人口和生活方式因素的问卷。该队列的五年随访正在进行中。那， 我们在所有年龄段，特别是Medi和现在的BR之间的关联方面非常有效 兴趣将是代表峰值BR的年轻人的现任BR。对于BM，我们以前有 使用横截面数据开发了相对BM测量。更重要的是，纵向数据将允许 我们直接测量BM。最后，我们在CR量化方面拥有丰富的经验。具体来说，我们将：1） 检查健康饮食（例如MEDI）是否与较大的BR相关。我们将检查是否更近 在所有年龄组中，遵守MEDI都与较大的BR有关，与年轻人的关联 近似Medi与峰值Br的关联。 2）检查MEDI是否与BM相关。我们将 检查MEDI是否使用横截面数据与相对BM代理呈正相关，并且与A 直接测量BM（使用大脑测量的纵向变化）。 3）检查MEDI是否相关 与Cr。使用横截面数据，我们将检查MEDI是否与 CR，或以前确定的CR脑网络的表达。使用纵向数据，我们将检查 Medi是否适度大脑与认知变化之间的关系。