Motor Compositionality in the Control of Facial Movements

控制面部运动的运动组合性

• 批准号: 10374011
• 负责人: Winrich Freiwald
• 金额: $ 39.15万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-15 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10374011
• 关键词: Anatomy; Area; Biological Models; Brain; Cells; Code; Cognitive; Communication; Data; Dimensions; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Emotions; Ensure; Experimental Models; Expressed Emotion; Face; Facial Muscles; Facial nerve nucleus; Feedback; Formulation; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hand; Human; Joints; Knowledge; Lateral; Life; Limb structure; Location; Macaca; Medial; Mental disorders; Mission; Monkeys; Mood Disorders; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Neurologic; Neurology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Paralysed; Pattern; Population; Primates; Process; Property; Psychiatry; Public Health; Research; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Social Well-Being; Speech; Stroke; Structure; Syndrome; System; Testing; Time; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Volition; Well in self; Work; affective neuroscience; autism spectrum disorder; control theory; disability; face perception; improved; innovation; limb movement; mind control; motor control; multimodality; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; relating to nervous system; social; social communication; social deficits; social neuroscience; synergism

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a fundamental gap in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of facial movements, both expressive and voluntary ones. The existence of this conceptual gap constitutes an important problem because, until it is filled, we will not be able to explain how the emotions are expressed nor how human speech is controlled, and the processes causing the many disorders of social communication remain elusive. The long-term goal is to understand how facial motor systems, cortical and sub-cortical ones, integrate sensory, emotional, and cognitive inputs and transform them into coherent motor acts. The overall objective of this proposal is the determination of the functional organization and the fundamental mechanisms by which a set of distributed cortical areas controls facial muscles to generate coherent facial movements. The experimental model system is a set of cortical areas with direct projections to the facial nucleus. It allows for testing of the central hypothesis that both emotional and voluntary facial movements are controlled through the coordinated activity of a network of cortical areas, each with a unique functional specialization. The rationale for this proposal is that completion of the research will uncover, for the first time, the neural mechanisms for facial movement control, imposing critical constraints on general motor control theory and the mechanisms and origins of speech. The central hypothesis will be tested through three specific aims: Aim 1 will determine the functional organization of cortex for facial movement control. The working hypothesis that both emotional and voluntary movements are coded by both medial and lateral cortical face-motor areas will be tested using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrophysiological recordings from fMRI-identified face-motor areas. Aim 2 will determine the functional network structure of cortical face movement areas. The working hypothesis that cortical face-motor areas operate as a network will be tested through functional interaction analyses and joint electrical stimulation and electrophysiology. Aim 3 will determine the principles of descending control of facial musculature. The working hypothesis that facial movements are coded through sequences of neural states, translated by muscle synergies into facial signals will be tested through joint electrical stimulation, electrophysiology and electromyography. The approach is innovative, because it brings a new model system to motor neuroscience, a new paradigm and multi- modal experimental approach to the study of the neural mechanisms, from the level of single cells to large-scale networks, of social communication, and because it challenges long-held views on the neural substrates of facial movement. The proposed research is significant, because it will provide a new dimension to motor control theory, it will define how emotions are translated into expressions and how social signals are generated, it will provide a new model system and foundational knowledge about the neural mechanisms of speech, thus posing important constraints for the understanding of the human condition. Results will improve the understanding and possibly treatment of neurological and psychiatric syndromes of motor function and social communication.

项目摘要 我们对面部运动的神经机制的理解有一个根本的差距 和自愿的。这种概念差距的存在构成了一个重要问题，因为直到它是 填写，我们将无法解释如何表达情绪，或者如何控制人类的言语，并且 引起许多社会交流障碍的过程仍然难以捉摸。长期目标是 了解面部运动系统，皮质系统和皮质下的系统如何整合感官，情感和认知 输入并将其转换为连贯的电动机行为。该提案的总体目标是确定 功能组织以及一组分布式皮质区域的基本机制 控制面部肌肉以产生连贯的面部运动。实验模型系统是一组 皮质区域直接投影到面部核。它允许测试中心假设 情绪和自愿的面部运动通过皮质网络的协调活动来控制 区域，每个区域都有独特的功能专业化。该提议的理由是完成 研究将首次揭示面部运动控制的神经机制，施加关键 对通用运动控制理论的限制以及语音的机制和起源。中心假设 将通过三个具体目标进行测试：AIM 1将确定面部皮层的功能组织 运动控制。情绪和自愿运动均由两者编码的工作假设 内侧和外侧皮层面部运动区域将使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）测试 以及来自fMRI标识的面部运动区域的电生理记录。 AIM 2将决定功能 皮质面运动区域的网络结构。皮质面部运动区域的工作假设 作为网络运行将通过功能相互作用分析和关节电刺激进行测试， 电生理学。 AIM 3将确定面部肌肉降临的原则。工作 假设面部运动是通过神经状态的序列编码的，由肌肉协同作用翻译 将通过关节电刺激，电生理学和肌电图测试面部信号。这 方法是创新的，因为它为运动神经科学带来了新的模型系统，新的范式和多种模型 从单个细胞的水平到大规模的神经机制的模态实验方法 网络，社会交流，并且因为它挑战了对面部神经基质的长期观点 移动。拟议的研究很重要，因为它将为运动控制理论提供新的维度， 它将定义如何将情感转化为表达方式以及如何产生社会信号，它将提供 关于语音神经机制的新模型系统和基础知识，从而提出了重要 理解人类状况的限制。结果将改善理解，甚至可能 运动功能和社会交流的神经和精神综合症的治疗。