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Supplement: Improving Inference of Genetic Architecture and Selection with African Genomes

补充：利用非洲基因组改进遗传结构的推断和选择

基本信息

批准号：
10389999
负责人：
Brenna M Henn
金额：
$ 8.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-05 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10389999
关键词：
Address Africa African African American Alleles Area Asians Basic Science Biological Models Biomedical Research Body mass index Botswana Candidate Disease Gene Case Study Clinic Collection Communities Complex DNA Data Data Set Databases Ethiopia European Evolution Forensic Medicine Frequencies Generations Genes Genetic Genetic Determinism Genetic Load Genetic Recombination Genetic Variation Genome Genomics Genotype Goals Grant Haplotypes Height Heritability Human Human Genetics Individual Maps Measures Methods Methylation Mind Modeling Mutate Mutation Namibia National Institute of General Medical Sciences Nurses Outcome Pattern Phenotype Pigmentation physiologic function Population Population Genetics Population Heterogeneity Predisposition Research Research Assistant Resolution Resources Rural Health Centers Sample Size Sampling Sickle Cell Site Skin Pigmentation South Africa Southern Africa Speed System Testing Tuberculosis Universities Variant Weight Withdrawal Work causal variant cohort community engagement comparative disease phenotype experience genetic analysis genetic architecture genetic pedigree genetic selection genetic variant genome wide association study hutterite improved large datasets portability programs reconstruction recruit reference genome success trait

项目摘要

Project Summary There is a pressing need for population genomic research in small, diverse cohorts -- allowing geneticists to characterize the genetic determinants of disease/phenotype for any human community. A variety of new complex trait mapping methods have been recently proposed for endogamous or admixed populations. However, these methods were often developed with specific European-descent case-studies in mind (e.g. in Hutterites, Sardinians) and application to alternative cohorts introduces special challenges, especially in continental African and African-American populations. My lab specializes in African genomic diversity and I have over 13 years experience developing cohort collections in southern Africa. To test hypotheses about genetic architecture and polygenic selection patterns in African cohorts, I focus on highly heritable, easily measured traits [e.g. height, skin pigmentation] as model systems for identifying genotype-phenotype associations. We have shown, for example, that the polygenicity of pigmentation is far more complex in Africans than in Europeans. While field work is central to my lab's research program, it also provides a crucial genomic resource for other research groups. Southern Africans, like the KhoeSan, contain genetic variants which are rarely observed elsewhere and their unusual patterns of linkage disequilbrium can be used to fine-map causal variants. Outcomes of this grant will include: 1) collect DNA, maintain field sites and characterize fundamental genomic features of southern African populations for our lab and collaborators; 2) estimate recombination rates and mutational patterns in southern Africans using deep pedigrees; 3) use skin pigmentation and height as models for understanding the portability of genotype-phenotype associations across populations.

项目总结