Understanding longitudinal relationships between COVID-19 pandemic outcomes and alcohol use and problems from 2019 to 2020 and 2021 for the U.S. population and vulnerable groups.

了解 2019 年至 2020 年和 2021 年美国人口和弱势群体的 COVID-19 大流行结果与饮酒和问题之间的纵向关系。

• 批准号: 10491255
• 负责人: Priscilla Martinez
• 金额: $ 36.05万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-22 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10491255
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Address; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Alcohols; American; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Beverages; Black Populations; Black race; COVID-19; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; COVID-19 risk; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Digit structure; Distress; Drug usage; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Family; General Population; Health; Healthcare; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Interview; Job loss; Knowledge; Latino; Latino Population; Lifestyle-related condition; Link; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Methods; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Patterns of Care; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Population; Population Group; Positioning Attribute; Psyche structure; Race; Recontacts; Regulation; Reporting; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sales; Sampling; Series; Social Distance; Socioeconomic Status; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Symptoms; Time; Vulnerable Populations; alcohol and other drug; alcohol availability; alcohol measurement; alcohol research; alcohol risk; anxiety symptoms; base; care seeking; cohort; coronavirus disease; depressive symptoms; drinking; drinking behavior; drug use behavior; ethnic minority; experience; follow-up; longitudinal design; pandemic disease; physical conditioning; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; recruit; response; sexual minority; social; social contact; substance use; vaccine acceptance; vulnerable community

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 (C19) pandemic has upended American lives with far-reaching consequences for health and well-being, and has disproportionately impacted racial/ethnic minorities and other vulnerable communities. Studies from the early pandemic period have observed increases in alcohol use and heavy drinking, and these behaviors and their consequences on physical and mental health are expected to persist well after the pandemic subsides. Thus far, however, there is a dearth of nationally-representative, longitudinal data on the pandemic's effects on alcohol and drug use and mental health that build on baseline pre-pandemic data. The Alcohol Research Group and its P50 Alcohol Research Center have conducted a series of National Alcohol Surveys (NAS) for forty years. We conducted the 14th edition of the NAS (N14) beginning in 2019 and completed it on April 20, 2020, and in early 2021 we conducted a NAS COVID supplement survey (N14C) as a follow-up of N14 (baseline) respondents. With this rapid-response R01 application we are proposing to conduct a 3rd wave of data collection of N14 and N14C respondents (termed N14C2) to build a nationally-representative cohort with 3 survey time-points. With pre-C19 data from the first wave of data collection, N14, and two follow-up surveys covering the first (N14C) and second (N14C2) years following initial efforts to control C19 spread in the US, we will be able to rigorously assess the financial, social, and health impacts of the C19 pandemic on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and problems. We will investigate the potential impact of increased alcohol use on the course of consequences of the pandemic, such as job loss, social contact and mental health outcomes. We also propose to examine alcohol use and C19-related precautionary behaviors such social distancing, and vaccination uptake. We will contextualize the analysis by including geocoded data linked to our survey data to allow us to examine these associations in relation to relevant C19-related state policies, available alcohol purchasing options, and other area conditions that may affect AOD use and problems. Finally, we propose to apply mixed methods to understand in depth alcohol use experiences during the pandemic and perceived need, barriers, facilitators and plans for seeking support among heavy drinkers in subgroups disproportionately affected by the pandemic, namely Blacks, Latinos, and sexual minorities. To accomplish this we plan to recruit a purposive subsample for semi-structured qualitative interviews following the N14C2 survey. Taken together, this project will identify and characterize those at an increased risk of developing AOD problems, poor mental health, and prolonged C19 impacts, and determine features of environments including regulations that increase or mitigate these risks, aiming to inform modifiable interventions and policies.

抽象的 COVID-19（C19）大流行使美国的生活颠覆了对健康的影响很大的后果 幸福感，对种族/族裔少数民族和其他脆弱社区产生了不成比例的影响。 大流行期早期的研究观察到饮酒和大量饮酒的增加，这些 在大流行之后，行为及其对身心健康的后果将持续 接收。然而，到目前为止，关于大流行的全国代表性的纵向数据缺乏 基于基线学前数据的对酒精和药物使用以及心理健康的影响。酒精 研究小组及其P50酒精研究中心进行了一系列国家酒精调查 （NAS）已有40年了。我们从2019年开始进行了第14版NAS（N14），并完成了 2020年4月20日，在2021年初，我们进行了NAS Covid补充调查（N14C）作为N14的后续行动 （基线）受访者。使用此快速响应R01应用，我们提议进行第三波数据 收集N14和N14C受访者（称为N14C2），以建立一个具有3个调查的全国代表性队列 时间点。使用第一波数据收集的Pre-C19数据，N14和两次后续调查涵盖 最初努力控制C19在美国传播后的第一个（N14C）和第二（N14C2）年，我们将是 能够严格评估C19大流行对酒精和其他药物的财务，社会和健康影响 （AOD）使用和问题。我们将调查增加酒精使用对此过程的潜在影响 大流行的后果，例如失业，社会接触和心理健康成果。我们也建议 检查酒精使用和与C19相关的预防行为，例如社会疏远和疫苗接种。 我们将通过包含链接到我们的调查数据的地理编码数据来使分析进行环境化，以便我们检查 这些关联与相关C19相关的州政策，可用的酒精购买选项以及 可能影响AOD使用和问题的其他区域条件。最后，我们建议将混合方法应用于 在大流行和感知的需求，障碍，促进者以及 在亚组中寻求大量饮酒者的支持的计划，受到大流行的影响， 即黑人，拉丁裔和性少数群体。为了实现这一目标，我们计划招募有目的的子样本 N14C2调查后的半结构定性访谈。综上所述，该项目将确定并 特征是患有AOD问题，心理健康不良和延长C19的风险增加的人 影响并确定环境特征，包括增加或减轻这些风险的法规， 旨在告知可修改的干预措施和政策。