Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
批准号:
10393918
负责人:
Gunther Hollopeter
金额:
$0.89万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-04-01 至 2024-03-31
关键词:
AddressAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAnimalsBindingCaenorhabditis elegansCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular systemCell membraneCell physiologyCellsCholesterolClathrinClathrin AdaptorsComplexDataDiseaseEarEndocytosisEnsureEscape MutantGenetic ScreeningGoalsGrowth FactorHealthHeartHepatitisIn VitroInfluenzaLigandsMalignant NeoplasmsMediatingMedicalMembraneMitochondriaMolecularMolecular ConformationMolecular MachinesMutagenesisNamesNeurodegenerative DisordersNeuromodulatorPathologicPhospholipidsPhosphorylationPhosphotransferasesPhysiologicalProcessProtein FamilyProteinsReceptor SignalingRecyclingRegulationResearchRoleScanningStructureTechniquesTestingTherapeuticVesicleVirusVirus Diseasesdesignenhancer-binding protein AP-2in vivoinnovationmacromoleculemutantneoplasticnovelparticlereceptor bindingscreeningspatiotemporaltool
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Abstract - Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the main port of entry into our cells for medically relevant
substances including cholesterol-laden particles and viruses such as influenza and hepatitis. By engulfing
signaling receptors, this fundamental cellular process also tunes our sensitivity to the potentially pathological
actions of growth factors and neuromodulators. As such, understanding how the underlying endocytic
machinery is regulated promises to reveal novel mechanisms that could be harnessed to control neoplastic,
neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and viral diseases. At the heart of the endocytic process lies the AP2
clathrin adaptor complex which appears to undergo a conformational change during vesicle formation to
actively couple membrane and cargo to the clathrin coat. Despite the central role of AP2, we lack critical
details about how this molecular machine is regulated in vivo. To address this need, we have developed
innovative tools in C. elegans that allow us to quantify AP2 activity at multiple levels and have employed deep
genetic screens to identify two conserved protein families that appear to govern AP2 conformation and
activity. Our goal is to illuminate how these allosteric regulators of the endocytic machinery function
mechanistically. Previously it was thought that membrane phospholipids, cytosolic cargo domains, and
phosphorylation by the AP2-associated kinase (AAK1) activate AP2. Our preliminary data indicate that a
conserved region of the membrane-associated Fer/Cip4 Homology Domain-only (FCHo) proteins is required
to promote endocytosis by converting AP2 to an active complex. We have named this functionally important
domain the AP2 Activator, or APA. In Aim 1 we will test whether the APA is sufficient to induce a structural
rearrangement of AP2, as well as defining the roles of membrane, cargo, and phosphorylation in that process.
We will determine where the APA binds to AP2 by screening for C. elegans mutants that escape an APA
anchored to mitochondria. We will evaluate the physiological significance of AP2 phosphorylation by
characterizing kinase mutants. In Aim 2 we will validate our hypothesis that adaptiN-Ear-Binding Coat-
Associated Proteins (NECAP)s counteract the active (open) conformation of AP2 to ensure proper recycling
of adaptor complexes. We have discovered that AP2 accumulates in a hyper-open, hyper-phosphorylated
state in NECAP mutants, and that NECAPs specifically bind open, phosphorylated forms of AP2. We will
determine how NECAPs regulate AP2 activity and where they function within the hierarchy of AP2 modulation
using in vitro and in vivo approaches. To fully understand how NECAPs function, we will determine their
structure, and use an innovative random-scanning mutagenesis technique to determine the relevant NECAP-
AP2 contacts in vivo. The long-term impact of the proposed research will be to clarify how fundamental cellular
machinery is controlled with spatiotemporal precision in metazoans – where misregulation leads to important
diseases.
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Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10369000
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.22万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
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依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10595520
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$36.31万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
-
依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:9900825
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.53万
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财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
-
依托单位:
Molecular regulation of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex
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批准号:10582196
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$24.99万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Gunther Hollopeter
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依托单位: