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Social networks and drug use among low-income students in high-performing schools

优秀学校低收入学生的社交网络和吸毒情况

基本信息

批准号：
10394253
负责人：
MITCHELL David WONG
金额：
$ 58.46万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-06-15 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10394253
关键词：
21 year old Admission activity Adolescent Adult Affect Age Alcohol consumption Baseline Surveys Behavioral Child Childhood Development Dose Drops Drug usage Education Educational Intervention Effectiveness Emotional Employment Event Exposure to Family Feeling hopeless Funding Future Gender Health Health behavior Health behavior outcomes Heterogeneity Housing Imprisonment Individual Intervention Latino Length Life Link Los Angeles Low income Marijuana Marriage Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health National Institute of Drug Abuse Natural experiment Neighborhoods Nursery Schools Obesity Outcome Participant Policies Poverty Pregnancy Randomized Reduce health disparities Reporting Research Risk Factors Schools Self Efficacy Social Network Social Policies Students Surveys Target Populations Teenagers Testing Time Truancy Underserved Population Vulnerable Populations Work age group boys career cohort college cost critical period demographics early childhood educational atmosphere eighth grade eleventh grade emerging adult emotional factor experience experimental study follow-up group intervention high school improved insight intervention effect junior high school lower income families marijuana use matriculation peer programs public education public health intervention public health relevance recruit response retention rate school environment skills social socioeconomics substance use teacher theories trait voucher

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Social experiments provide valuable insight into the effectiveness of real-world policies and programs. Previous experiments have demonstrated that education interventions substantially improve health and other life outcomes, such as incarceration and pregnancy, but only when intervention occurs during early childhood. However, recent research suggests there may be a dose-response effect. Thus, education interventions among adolescents may improve health, but requires longer-term follow up. We propose a renewal of our NIDA-funded R01, the RISE UP Study, which used the admission lottery of high-performing public charter high schools to study comparable cohorts of students exposed to high- and low- performing schools. In 2013 and 2014, we recruited 1270 adolescents who had applied to one or more high performing charter schools in low-income neighborhoods of Los Angeles. Subjects completed baseline surveys in 8th grade after the high school admission lottery, and then annual surveys through 11th grade. Lottery “winners” and “losers” are comparable in study retention rates (87% at 3 years), demographics, grade point average in 8th grade, and baseline marijuana and alcohol use. After 3 years, lottery winners have substantial improvement in intermediate school outcomes (lower rates of truancy and switching schools, which is a risk factor for dropping out) better school experiences (more supportive teachers, less chaotic school environments, more positive behavioral culture), and lower rates of substance use (risky marijuana use, 30- day marijuana use, and risky alcohol use). Most of these differences were much larger or only occurred among boys. The transition to adulthood is an important developmental period during which many individuals are completing their education and making life choices about career, family, marriage, and substance use that will have a profound impact on their future health and socioeconomic trajectory. We hypothesize that better high school education will affect health behaviors and outcomes during this transition time as a result of higher educational attainment, improvement in employment, and changes in social networks and neighborhoods after high school. Thus, the study aims are to follow the RISE UP cohort through age 21 and examine the impact of exposure to a high performing school on substance use, pregnancy, depression, obesity and other life events including employment, college matriculation and criminal arrests. We will examine heterogeneity of the intervention effects by gender and length of exposure to rigorous school environments (including college). We will also conduct exploratory analyses to determine if social networks and social-emotional factors (self-efficacy, grit, hopelessness, and depression) mediate the effect of education on health. Findings from this research have implications for how educational policies might be shaped to improve health, and specifically whether improving public high schools can help reverse the negative health effects of poverty.

摘要社会实验为现实世界政策和计划的有效性提供了宝贵的洞察力。上一首实验表明，教育干预大大改善了健康和其他生活结果，例如监禁和怀孕，但仅当干预发生在儿童早期。然而，最近的研究表明，可能存在剂量-反应效应。因此，对青少年的教育干预可能会改善健康，但需要较长期的随访。我们建议更新我们由NIDA资助的R01，Rise Up研究，它使用了入院抽签高表现的公立特许高中，研究受高水平和低水平影响的学生的可比队列表演学校。在2013和2014年，我们招募了1270名申请一项或多项高成绩的青少年洛杉矶低收入社区的特许学校。受试者在8年级完成了基线调查高中入学抽签，然后到11年级的年度调查。彩票“中奖者”和“失败者”具有可比性研究中的保留率(3年时为87%)、人口统计数据、8年级的平均绩点以及基线的大麻和酒精使用。三年后，彩票中奖者在中学成绩上有了很大的改善(较低的逃课率以及转学，这是辍学的一个风险因素)更好的学校体验(更多的支持教师，更少的混乱的学校环境，更积极的行为文化)，以及较低的药物使用率(危险大麻使用，30- 白天使用大麻，以及危险的饮酒)。这些差异中的大多数要大得多，或者只发生在男孩中。成年是一个重要的发展时期，在此期间，许多人正在完成他们的关于职业、家庭、婚姻和物质使用的教育和生活选择，将对他们未来的健康和社会经济轨迹。我们假设更好的高中教育会影响健康在这一过渡期内的行为和结果由于受教育程度的提高，就业，以及高中毕业后社交网络和社区的变化。因此，本研究的目的是遵循以下原则增加到21岁的队列，检查暴露在高水平学校对药物使用的影响，怀孕、抑郁、肥胖和其他生活事件，包括就业、大学入学和刑事逮捕。我们将根据性别和暴露在严酷的学校环境中的时间长短来检验干预效果的异质性 (包括大学)。我们还将进行探索性分析，以确定社交网络和社交情感因素 (自我效能感、坚韧、绝望和抑郁)在教育对健康的影响中起中介作用。这项研究的发现对如何制定教育政策以改善健康，特别是是否改善公立高中可以帮助扭转贫困对健康的负面影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Grit: A Potential Protective Factor Against Substance Use and Other Risk Behaviors Among Latino Adolescents.

DOI：
10.1016/j.acap.2015.12.016
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Academic pediatrics
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Guerrero LR;Dudovitz R;Chung PJ;Dosanjh KK;Wong MD
通讯作者：
Wong MD

The Role of Social-Emotional and Social Network Factors in the Relationship Between Academic Achievement and Risky Behaviors.

社会情感和社交网络因素在学业成就和危险行为之间关系中的作用。

DOI：
10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.009
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Academic pediatrics
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Wong,MitchellD;Strom,Danielle;Guerrero,LourdesR;Chung,PaulJ;Lopez,Desiree;Arellano,Katherine;Dudovitz,RebeccaN
通讯作者：
Dudovitz,RebeccaN

Update on How School Environments, Social Networks, and Self-Concept Impact Risky Health Behaviors.

关于学校环境、社交网络和自我概念如何影响危险健康行为的最新信息。

DOI：
10.1016/j.acap.2018.09.014
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Academic pediatrics
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Dudovitz,RebeccaN;Wong,MitchellD;Perez-Aguilar,Giselle;Kim,Grace;Chung,PaulJ
通讯作者：
Chung,PaulJ

The longitudinal relationship of school climate with adolescent social and emotional health.

DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-10245-6
发表时间：
2021-01-23
期刊：
BMC public health
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Wong MD;Dosanjh KK;Jackson NJ;Rünger D;Dudovitz RN
通讯作者：
Dudovitz RN

Turning Vicious Cycles Into Virtuous Ones: the Potential for Schools to Improve the Life Course.

DOI：
10.1542/peds.2021-053509m
发表时间：
2022-05-01
期刊：
PEDIATRICS
影响因子：
8
作者：
Wong, Mitchell D.;Quartz, Karen Hunter;Saunders, Marisa;Meza, Ben P. L.;Childress, Saltanat;Seeman, Teresa E.;Dudovitz, Rebecca N.
通讯作者：
Dudovitz, Rebecca N.