KY INBRE NOSI Supplement: Targeted COVID-19 Vaccine Decision Making Support for Sexual and Gender Minorities

KY INBRE NOSI 补充：为性少数群体和性别少数群体提供有针对性的 COVID-19 疫苗决策支持

• 批准号: 10398400
• 负责人: MARTHA E BICKFORD
• 金额: $ 25.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10398400
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Affect; African American; American; Attitude; Behavior; Belief; COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccination; COVID-19 vaccine; Categories; Cessation of life; Conflict (Psychology); Contracts; Data; Decision Aid; Decision Making; Development; Disadvantaged; Dose; Ethnic Origin; Focus Groups; Foundations; General Population; Goals; Head; Healthcare; Herd Immunity; Hispanics; Income; Individual; Intention; International; Knowledge; Latinx; Measures; Methods; Motivation; Natural Immunity; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Pattern; Politics; Population; Prevalence; Process; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Respiratory distress; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sex Differentiation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Subgroup; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; Virus; World Health Organization; ethnic minority population; gender minority; health care availability; health disparity; improved; intersectionality; medically underserved; medically underserved population; pandemic disease; preference; primary outcome; protective behavior; psychosocial; racial and ethnic disparities; racial minority; sexual minority; shared decision making; social; social stigma; stem; tool; underserved community; vaccine acceptance; vaccine hesitancy; vaccine trial

Project Summary/Abstract Since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, 31.6 million Americans have contracted the SARS-CoV-2 virus and 566,000 have died. Effective and safe COVID-19 vaccines have been developed, tested, and deployed in record time and 219 million vaccine doses have been administered in the US. Racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake have been noted, but data are not yet available for some other disadvantaged groups. Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGMs) are potentially at risk for vaccine hesitancy due to social and historical factors affecting vaccination in general and healthcare access specifically. There is a critical need to understand vaccine attitudes and behaviors among SGMs. Our long-term goal is to reduce potential health disparities in COVID-19 among SGMs. The overall objective is to develop and deploy a decision aid that supports SGM COVID-19 vaccine decision making. Using survey and focus group methods, and following accepted international standards for decision aid development, we will develop a tailored decision aid to reduce vaccine decisional conflict and improve vaccine acceptance. The project’s specific aims are to: 1. Generate foundational knowledge of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among SGMs. We hypothesize that SGMs overall will be somewhat less accepting of the vaccine than the general population and, among SGMs, there will be subgroups with other vaccine hesitancy risk factors (e.g., race, gender minority identity, political affiliation) who have significantly higher rates of vaccine hesitancy. 2. Produce contextualized understanding of intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. We hypothesize the reasons for vaccine acceptance or hesitancy will differ among SGM subgroups. Focus group discussions with diverse samples of SGMs who are vaccine-hesitant will identify knowledge gaps, misconceptions, perceived barriers, negative attitudes such as stigma and mistrust, and preferences for decision support. The primary outcome will be determining decision support needs for SGM subgroups. 3. Create decision aids to reduce decision conflict and improve acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. We will generate a decision aid, or multiple versions of a decision aid, to empower the SGM decision maker to compare options for protection against COVID-19, clarify values, and support efficacy for gathering more information, collaborating with a healthcare partner in the decision-making process, and/or obtaining the COVID-19 vaccine. We hypothesize the tailored decision aids will reduce decision conflict and improve vaccine acceptance.

项目总结/摘要 自世界卫生组织宣布COVID-19为大流行以来， 感染了SARS-CoV-2病毒，56.6万人死亡。有效和安全的COVID-19 在创纪录的时间内开发、测试和部署了疫苗， 剂量已在美国给药。接种疫苗方面的种族和族裔差异 已经注意到这一点，但还没有关于其他一些弱势群体的数据。性健康和 性别少数群体（SGM）由于社会和性别原因， 影响疫苗接种的历史因素，特别是影响医疗保健的历史因素。有一个 迫切需要了解SGM对疫苗的态度和行为。我们的长期目标是 减少SGM之间COVID-19潜在的健康差异。总体目标是 开发和部署决策辅助工具，支持SGM COVID-19疫苗决策。 采用调查和焦点小组方法，并遵循公认的国际标准， 决策辅助开发，我们将开发量身定制的决策辅助，以减少疫苗决策 冲突和提高疫苗接受度。 该项目的具体目标是： 1.在SGM中生成关于COVID-19疫苗犹豫的基础知识。我们 假设SGM总体上对疫苗的接受程度低于一般 人群中，在SGM中，将存在具有其他疫苗犹豫风险因素的亚组 (e.g.,种族、性别少数群体身份、政治派别）， 疫苗犹豫 2.对接种COVID-19疫苗的意图进行情境化理解。我们 假设疫苗接受或犹豫的原因在SGM亚组中不同。 与不同样本的SGM谁是疫苗犹豫不决的焦点小组讨论将确定 知识差距、误解、感知的障碍、负面态度，如耻辱感， 不信任和对决策支持的偏好。主要结果将决定 SGM子组的决策支持需求。 3.创建决策辅助工具，以减少决策冲突并提高对COVID-19的接受度 疫苗我们将生成一个决策辅助工具，或多个版本的决策辅助工具， SGM决策者将比较针对COVID-19的保护选项，澄清价值， 支持收集更多信息的功效，与医疗保健合作伙伴合作， 决策过程，和/或获得COVID-19疫苗。我们假设 决策辅助工具将减少决策冲突并提高疫苗接受度。