Impact of Reduced Cannabis Use on Functional Outcomes

减少大麻使用对功能结果的影响

• 批准号: 10437223
• 负责人: JEAN C. BECKHAM
• 金额: $ 16.08万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-20 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10437223
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accidents; Address; African American; American; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Cannabis; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Data Collection; Development; Discrimination; Ecological momentary assessment; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Frequencies; Health; Illicit Drugs; Impulsivity; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Literature; Measures; Memory; Mental Health; Methods; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Persons; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Physical activity; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Substance Use Disorder; Symptoms; Techniques; Technology; Technology Assessment; Testing; Time; Traffic accidents; Underrepresented Populations; Unemployment; United States; addiction; contingency management; craving; drugged driving; experience; functional outcomes; health related quality of life; illicit drug use; marijuana use; marijuana use disorder; marijuana user; mobile computing; negative affect; non-suicidal self injury; novel strategies; parent grant; parent project; perceived stress; physical conditioning; portability; psychological distress; racial discrimination; sex; suicidal

Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) is associated with a many negative functional outcomes, and unfortunately rates of CUD are increasing in the United States. More than 8 million Americans reported heavy cannabis use in 2013, representing a 59% increase since 2005. Heavy cannabis use (i.e., use on ≥ 40 of last 90 days) is associated with addiction, unemployment, neuropsychological deficits, lower educational attainment, and reduced physical activity. As shown across multiple epidemiologic samples, Black Americans are more likely to misuse cannabis than other racial groups. Heavy cannabis use has increased at an even higher rate among Black Americans. Racial discrimination remains a persistent and significant public health concern, undermining the health of underrepresented groups living in the USA and may be related to inequities in cannabis use and CUD. Racial discrimination is defined as unfair, differential treatment on the basis of race. There is a robust association between the experience of racial discrimination and psychological distress. Current evidence indicate that repeated everyday racial hassles are also associated with psychological distress and physical health. Persons who use cannabis to cope with negative affect are at increased risk of developing CUD. Currently, limited data exist examining the relationship between perceived discrimination and cannabis use outcomes although several recent studies suggest perceived stress and discrimination may be important determinants of cannabis use trajectories. These studies are limited, however, by a reliance on retrospective reports of perceived exposure to discrimination. We propose to supplement our parent project and state-of-the-art ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol with multiple measures of perceived discrimination to 1) Evaluate whether exposure to chronic discrimination is related to a) reported cannabis-related problems b) ad lib cannabis use in grams and b) magnitude of cannabis reduction during a four-week intervention period, and 2) Use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) technology to measure the daily association between perceived discrimination and cannabis use. Our central hypothesis for the proposed supplement is that experiences of discrimination and daily perceived unfair treatment will be related to cannabis use outcomes. The rationale for this research is that it will provide the first and only real-time data on this important, but understudied topic. Thus, our findings will directly inform our understanding regarding the effects of past and ongoing racial discrimination on cannabis use and misuse.

大麻使用障碍（CUD）与许多负面的功能结果有关，不幸的是， 在美国，CUD的发病率正在上升。超过800万美国人报告了大量大麻 2013年的使用量比2005年增加了59%。大量使用大麻（即，在最后90个中使用≥ 40个 天）与成瘾，失业，神经心理缺陷，低教育水平 成绩，减少体力活动。如多个流行病学样本所示， 美国人比其他种族更容易滥用大麻。大量使用大麻的情况有所增加 在美国黑人中的比例甚至更高。种族歧视仍然是一个长期和严重的问题， 公共卫生问题，破坏了生活在美国的代表性不足的群体的健康， 与大麻使用和CUD的不平等有关。种族歧视被定义为不公平的，有区别的， 基于种族的待遇。种族经历与种族歧视之间存在着强有力的联系。 歧视和心理困扰。目前的证据表明，每天重复的种族纠纷 也与心理困扰和身体健康有关。使用大麻来科普 有负面情绪的人患CUD的风险增加。目前，有限的数据存在审查 尽管最近的几项研究表明， 这表明，感觉到的压力和歧视可能是大麻使用轨迹的重要决定因素。 然而，这些研究是有限的，因为依赖于对暴露于 歧视我们建议补充我们的母项目和最先进的生态瞬间 评估（EMA）协议与多个措施的感知歧视，以1）评估是否 长期遭受歧视与a）报告的大麻相关问题B）随意使用大麻有关 B）在四周干预期间大麻减少的幅度，以及2）使用 生态瞬时评估（EMA）技术，以衡量感知的 歧视和大麻使用。我们对所提出的补充的中心假设是， 歧视和日常感受到的不公平待遇将与大麻使用的结果有关。的 这项研究的基本原理是，它将提供第一个也是唯一的实时数据，但 未充分研究的主题。因此，我们的研究结果将直接告知我们对过去的影响的理解。 以及对大麻使用和滥用的持续种族歧视。