The effect of hydroxychloroquine treatment on immune checkpoint inhibitors

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Current estimates suggest that more than 40% of all cancer patients in the US are potentially eligible for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and many trials being conducted at the NIH Clinical Center, the United States and worldwide include immune checkpoint inhibitors. We propose to study the effect of hydroxychloroquine treatment on anti-PD1 treated mice using in vivo tumor growth models and study T cell function in vitro and in vivo. We are currently studying hydroxychloroquine in animal tumor models, which greatly facilitate proposed studies. We have shown in vitro and in vivo that hydroxychloroquine affects the function of cells derived from the adaptive immune system and impairs the efficacy of anti-PD1 treatment in vivo in tumor bearing mice.