Childhood adversity and substance use: Integrating laboratory and ecological approaches to understand the role of affect

项目概要/摘要 到12年级时，美国超过50%的青少年支持终身使用药物。童年 逆境是青少年使用药物的一个普遍和强有力的风险因素。大约54%的青少年 报告不良童年经历（ACE），使他们使用药物的可能性超过1.5倍。然而， 许多患有ACE的青少年否认物质使用参与，这意味着存在可改变的风险 因素使用生态和实验室方法的综合模型，拟议的研究探讨了 影响ACE和青少年物质使用之间的联系的作用。候选人：候选人是临床 儿童心理学家，长期致力于研究与早期生活相关的风险和弹性 应力她先前的研究集中在阐明有助于物质使用的机制， 患有ACE的新生儿她正在申请为期五年的K 08职业发展奖，以扩大她的 专业知识和支持她的培训，辅导，并在青少年物质使用的研究。训练：The 拟议的培训计划包括正式的讲习班、研讨会、会议、指导性阅读和辅导 通过培养以下方面的新专业知识，推动她走向研究独立的道路：（1） 高度严格和尖端的基于实验室的生理技术，包括眼动跟踪，瞳孔 扩张，皮肤电反应和心率测量，（2）收集，管理和分析 生态瞬时评价（EMA）数据，（3）集成多种方法的先进分析方法 研究设计，（4）青少年物质使用研究的设计和实施，以及（5）加强 专业发展。候选人得到了米里亚姆医院和沃伦医院的机构支持。 布朗大学阿尔珀特医学院。导师：五位知名研究人员担任导师， 这个提议。每位导师都提供与研究目标和培训相一致的补充专业知识 目标，包括先进的数据分析技术，EMA，儿童创伤应激，基于实验室的 生物行为评估和青少年药物使用研究。研究：拟议的研究将 从一项主动纵向研究（R 01 HD 104187）中招募青少年受试者（N=100，年龄13-18岁）。使用 EMA，眼动追踪，行为任务表现和传统的自我报告数据，该提案的目的是 目的：通过情感平衡（目标1）、情感耐受性（目标2）、情感耐受性（目标3）和情感耐受性（目标4）， 苦恼（目标2）和对情感刺激的注意/反应（目标3）。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT By 12th grade, over 50% of adolescents in the United States endorse lifetime substance use. Childhood adversity is a prevalent and robust risk factor for adolescent substance use. Approximately 54% of adolescents report adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), making them over 1.5 times more likely to use substances. Yet, many adolescents with ACEs deny substance use engagement, implying the existence of modifiable risk factors. Using an integrative model of ecological and laboratory approaches, the proposed study examines the role of affect in the link between ACEs and adolescent substance use. Candidate: The candidate is a clinical child psychologist with a long-standing commitment to studying risk and resilience associated with early life stress. Her prior research has focused on elucidating mechanisms that contribute to substance use in emerging adults with ACEs. She is applying for a five-year K08 Career Development Award to expand her expertise and support her training, mentorship, and research in adolescent substance use. Training: The proposed training plan includes formal workshops, seminars, conferences, directed readings, and mentored experiences that will advance her trajectory toward research independence by fostering new expertise in: (1) highly rigorous and cutting edge laboratory-based physiological techniques, including eye tracking, pupil dilation, galvanic skin response, and heart rate measurement, (2) the collection, management, and analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data, (3) advanced analytical approaches to integrate multimethod research designs, (4) the design and implementation of adolescent substance use research, and (5) enhanced professional development. The candidate is institutionally supported by The Miriam Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Mentoring: Five well-established researchers serve as mentors on this proposal. Each mentor offers complementary expertise consistent with the study’s aims and training objectives, including advanced data analytic techniques, EMA, childhood traumatic stress, laboratory-based bio-behavioral assessment, and adolescent substance use research. Research: The proposed study will recruit adolescent participants (N=100, ages 13-18) from an active longitudinal study (R01HD104187). Using EMA, eye tracking, behavioral task performance, and traditional self-report data, the aims of the proposal are to: examine the indirect effects of ACEs on substance use via affect balance (Aim 1), tolerance of affective distress (Aim 2), and attention/reactivity to affective stimuli (Aim 3).