Childhood adversity and substance use: Integrating laboratory and ecological approaches to understand the role of affect

项目摘要/摘要 到12年级时，超过50%的美国青少年支持终生服用药物。童年 逆境是青少年使用药物的普遍和强有力的风险因素。约54%的青少年 报告不良童年经历(ACE)，使他们使用药物的可能性增加1.5倍以上。然而， 许多患有ACEs的青少年否认使用药物，暗示存在可改变的风险 各种因素。利用生态学和实验室方法的综合模型，拟议的研究审查了 情感在ACEs和青少年药物使用之间的联系中的作用。应聘者：应聘者是一名临床医生 儿童心理学家，长期致力于研究与早期生活相关的风险和韧性 压力。她之前的研究集中在阐明促进物质使用的机制。 初出茅庐的成年人有王牌。她正在申请为期五年的K08职业发展奖，以扩大她的业务范围 并支持她在青少年药物使用方面的培训、指导和研究。培训： 建议的培训计划包括正式的研讨会、研讨会、会议、定向阅读和指导 通过在以下方面培养新的专业知识，将推动她走向研究独立的经验：(1) 基于实验室的高度严谨和尖端的生理技术，包括眼球跟踪、瞳孔 扩张、皮肤电反应和心率测量，(2)收集、管理和分析 生态瞬时评估(EMA)数据，(3)集成多种方法的高级分析方法 研究设计，(4)青少年药物使用研究的设计和实施，以及(5)加强 职业发展。候选人在制度上得到了米里亚姆医院和沃伦的支持 布朗大学阿尔伯特医学院。指导：五位知名研究人员担任 这项提议。每个导师提供与研究目标和培训一致的互补专业知识 目标，包括高级数据分析技术、EMA、儿童创伤应激、以实验室为基础 生物行为评估和青少年物质使用研究。研究：拟议的研究将 从一项积极的纵向研究(R01HD104187)招募青少年参与者(N=100，年龄13-18岁)。vbl.使用 EMA、眼球跟踪、行为任务绩效和传统的自我报告数据，该提案的目标是 TO：通过情感平衡(目标1)、情感耐受性检查ACE对物质使用的间接影响 痛苦(目标2)和对情感刺激的注意力/反应(目标3)。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT By 12th grade, over 50% of adolescents in the United States endorse lifetime substance use. Childhood adversity is a prevalent and robust risk factor for adolescent substance use. Approximately 54% of adolescents report adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), making them over 1.5 times more likely to use substances. Yet, many adolescents with ACEs deny substance use engagement, implying the existence of modifiable risk factors. Using an integrative model of ecological and laboratory approaches, the proposed study examines the role of affect in the link between ACEs and adolescent substance use. Candidate: The candidate is a clinical child psychologist with a long-standing commitment to studying risk and resilience associated with early life stress. Her prior research has focused on elucidating mechanisms that contribute to substance use in emerging adults with ACEs. She is applying for a five-year K08 Career Development Award to expand her expertise and support her training, mentorship, and research in adolescent substance use. Training: The proposed training plan includes formal workshops, seminars, conferences, directed readings, and mentored experiences that will advance her trajectory toward research independence by fostering new expertise in: (1) highly rigorous and cutting edge laboratory-based physiological techniques, including eye tracking, pupil dilation, galvanic skin response, and heart rate measurement, (2) the collection, management, and analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data, (3) advanced analytical approaches to integrate multimethod research designs, (4) the design and implementation of adolescent substance use research, and (5) enhanced professional development. The candidate is institutionally supported by The Miriam Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Mentoring: Five well-established researchers serve as mentors on this proposal. Each mentor offers complementary expertise consistent with the study’s aims and training objectives, including advanced data analytic techniques, EMA, childhood traumatic stress, laboratory-based bio-behavioral assessment, and adolescent substance use research. Research: The proposed study will recruit adolescent participants (N=100, ages 13-18) from an active longitudinal study (R01HD104187). Using EMA, eye tracking, behavioral task performance, and traditional self-report data, the aims of the proposal are to: examine the indirect effects of ACEs on substance use via affect balance (Aim 1), tolerance of affective distress (Aim 2), and attention/reactivity to affective stimuli (Aim 3).