Testing a Social Safety Theory Perspective on Depression: An Intensive Longitudinal Immunopsychiatric Data Approach

测试抑郁症的社会安全理论视角：强化纵向免疫精神病学数据方法

• 批准号: 10537333
• 负责人: Daniel Moriarity
• 金额: $ 6.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-12 至 2025-08-11
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10537333
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Award; Behavior; Biological; Biological Process; Biology; Blood; Blood specimen; Chronic; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Dangerousness; Data; Data Collection; Data Reporting; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Drops; Electronic Mail; Equation; Etiology; Event; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Health; Immunologics; Immunology; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Life Stress; Link; Long-Term Depression; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Persons; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Process; Proteins; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recurrence; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Safety; Self-Injurious Behavior; Social Environment; Specificity; Stress; Stressful Event; Student Dropouts; Students; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Symptoms; Teacher Professional Development; Technical Expertise; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Work; associated symptom; base; college; critical period; depression model; depressive symptoms; design; experience; faculty research; follow-up; high school; insight; longitudinal design; multilevel analysis; perceived stress; predictive test; prospective; psychologic; psychosocial; recruit; skills; social; social situation; social stress; social stressor; statistics; stress symptom; stressor; theories; trait; university student

Project Summary/Abstract Depression is a leading cause of psychosocial impairment, poor academic performance, increased risk of school dropout, and a greater likelihood of self-harm, suicide, and medical illness over the lifespan. Moreover, a striking 30% of college students experience clinical levels of depression, making this is a critical period to identify intervention targets to mitigate risk for this burdensome disorder. Although research has evaluated psychological and immunological mechanisms of depression, these factors are typically studied in isolation. Social Safety Theory is a compelling, integrated framework that hypothesizes that social stressors are uniquely predictive of increases in depression because social stress has a greater biological impact compared to other stressors. Further, this pathway can be amplified by negative social safety schemas characterized by interpretating social situations as conflictual, unreliable, and dangerous. This proposal seeks to test this integrated, multi-level model of depression etiology using the transition from high school to college as a quasi-experimental social stressor and an intensive longitudinal design. Briefly, self-report data collected daily and inflammatory data collected every three days over a 24-day period will be used to evaluate how trajectories of perceived stress, inflammatory proteins, and depression symptom change as a function of transitioning to college (Aim 1), test if negative social schemas predict individual differences in trajectories of perceived stress, inflammatory proteins, and depression symptoms (Aim 2), and investigate the extent to which changes in inflammatory proteins mediate the association between changes in stress and depression symptoms during this period and whether this indirect relation is moderated by negative social safety schemas (Aim 3). To test if these interrelations between stress, social safety schemas, and inflammation predict long-term depression outcomes, Aims 2 and 3 will be re-tested predicting depression diagnoses across the entire freshman year (Exploratory Aim). Participants will be 112 healthy, incoming UCLA freshmen will be recruited via e-mails from the Registrar’s Office. Starting seven days before moving onto campus, participants will complete daily self-report measures (stress and depression symptoms, n = 2,688) and blood draws every three days (n = 896). Trait social safety schemas will be measured on the first day and a diagnostic interview will be completed before the study and again at the end of the year. Consistent with the NIMH Strategic Objectives (SO), this multi-method study will define biological mechanisms of mental illness (SO 1); provide insight into how mental illness trajectories change during developmental transitions (SO 2); highlight three, multi-domain targets for prevention and intervention (SO 3); and contribute to the public health impact of NIMH by reducing rates of depression on college campuses (SO 4). A training plan has been designed that includes a breadth of experiences aimed to advance the applicant’s conceptual and technical expertise in social stress and related cognitive vulnerabilities (Training Goal 1), high frequency immunological data collection (Training Goal 2), and statistics suitable for intensive longitudinal data (Training Goal 3).

项目摘要/摘要 抑郁是心理社会损伤、学习成绩差、患抑郁症风险增加的主要原因。 辍学，一生中自我伤害、自杀和医疗疾病的可能性更大。此外，一个 30%的大学生经历过临床程度的抑郁症，这使得现在是识别 干预的目标是降低这种负担沉重的疾病的风险。尽管研究已经评估了心理学 以及抑郁症的免疫学机制，这些因素通常是单独研究的。社会安全 理论是一个令人信服的综合框架，它假设社会压力源是唯一预测 抑郁的增加是因为社会压力比其他压力源具有更大的生物学影响。 此外，这一途径可以被负面的社会安全图式放大，其特征是解释社会安全 冲突、不可靠和危险的情况。该提案旨在测试这一集成的、多层次的模型 使用从高中到大学的过渡作为准实验性社会应激源的抑郁症病因学 密集的纵向设计。简而言之，每天收集的自我报告数据和每隔一天收集的炎症数据 24天期间的三天将被用来评估感知到的压力、炎症性 蛋白质，和抑郁症症状的变化作为过渡到大学的功能(目标1)，测试是否负面的社会 图式预测个体在感受到的压力、炎性蛋白和抑郁的轨迹上的差异 症状(目标2)，并调查炎症蛋白的变化在多大程度上介导了这种联系 在此期间压力和抑郁症状的变化之间，以及这种间接关系是否 受到负面社会安全方案的制约(目标3)。测试压力、社会安全之间的相互关系 图式和炎症预测长期抑郁结果，目标2和3将重新测试预测 整个一年级的抑郁症诊断(探索性目标)。参赛者将是112岁健康的人， 加州大学洛杉矶分校的新生将通过注册处的电子邮件进行招聘。从七天前开始 进入校园后，参与者将完成每日自我报告(压力和抑郁症状，n= 2688例)，每三天采血一次(n=896)。特质社会保障方案将在第一天进行测量 诊断性访谈将在研究之前完成，并在年底再次完成。与一致 NIMH战略目标(SO)，这项多方法研究将定义精神疾病的生物学机制 (SO1)；洞察精神疾病在发育过渡期间的轨迹如何变化(SO2)； 突出三个多领域的预防和干预目标(SO3)；促进公共卫生 NIMH通过降低大学校园抑郁率的影响(SO4)。一项培训计划已经完成 设计包括广泛的经验，旨在促进申请者的概念和技术 社会压力和相关认知脆弱性方面的专门知识(培训目标1)，高频免疫学 数据收集(培训目标2)，以及适合密集纵向数据的统计(培训目标3)。