Maternal Stress Resilience During Pregnancy and Offspring Emotion Regulation

项目总结/摘要 有证据表明，母亲在怀孕期间的压力暴露可能会对后代产生持久的影响 情绪调节（ER），一个transdiagnosis因素的发展背后的精神病理学。虽然 低收入和少数民族妇女更有可能经历日常反复出现的压力源， 在怀孕期间，个人对压力的反应方式存在差异。很少有研究关注 确定怀孕期间可改变的保护因素，解释这些个体差异，这是一个关键的 为预防性干预提供信息。本研究以心理弹性理论为指导， 一种研究妊娠期母体应激调节与 婴儿急诊室核心假设是，产前心理社会资源（社会资源）的日常波动 支持，自我效能）将有一个保护性的影响，在怀孕期间的日常产妇压力调节 (Aim 1）这反过来又会影响婴儿ER结果（目标2）。本研究将招募妊娠受试者（N=90） 匹兹堡女孩研究（ECHO-PGS; UH 3 OD 023244）中的慢性应激史， 目前年龄在24-27岁之间的女性队列（71%为黑人; 79%为低收入），自2009年以来每年接受评估。 童年.参与者将完成产前实验室访视，10天的动态数据收集和产后随访。 在婴儿6个月大时进行实验室检查。这项研究将利用来自美国的 ECHO-PGS同时增加了最先进的动态措施（智能手机，可穿戴生物传感设备）， 测量日常压力事件、压力调节和心理社会资源的真实变化， 怀孕，除了增加新的生理措施的ER在婴儿期。董博士，获奖者， 是一位发展精神病理学家，在实验室进行纵向研究方面有着丰富的经验， 从童年中期到成年早期。在这个K 01中，候选人将获得有针对性的概念 和方法培训：（1）婴儿期的ER，此时监管过程正在出现和敏感 压力传递，（2）在实验室环境外进行日常产前压力调节的动态测量，以及 (3)先进的统计方法，密集的纵向数据。董博士的导师（Hipwell博士、Low博士和 Smyth博士）和顾问（Fox博士和Krafty博士）非常适合指导候选人的培训， 结合专业知识，在产前压力，婴儿的情感和生理调节， 评估和密集的纵向数据分析。作为一个领先的研究机构， 匹兹堡精神病学系是一个最佳的科学培训环境，以满足这些职业 发展目标拟议中的K 01是一个更大的独立研究计划的第一步， 重点关注产前压力和弹性因素的基础transdiagnosis脆弱性精神病理学。 这一系列的工作有可能通过阐明敏感期的恢复过程来推进该领域的发展。 为早期预防干预提供信息的发展窗口。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Evidence shows that maternal stress exposure during pregnancy can have enduring effects on offspring emotion regulation (ER), a transdiagnostic factor underlying the development of psychopathology. Although low-income and minority race women are more likely to experience daily recurring stressors, significant variability exists in the way individuals respond to stressors during pregnancy. Few studies have focused on identifying modifiable, protective factors during pregnancy that explain these individual differences, a critical step to informing preventative interventions. Guided by resilience theories, this study takes a daily-life approach to investigate the prospective association between maternal stress regulation during pregnancy and infant ER. The central hypothesis is that day-to-day fluctuations in prenatal psychosocial resources (social support, self-efficacy) will have a protective influence on daily maternal stress regulation during pregnancy (Aim 1) that, in turn, shapes infant ER outcomes (Aim 2). The study will recruit pregnant participants (N=90) with a history of chronic stress from the Pittsburgh Girls Study (ECHO-PGS; UH3OD023244), a longitudinal cohort of women currently aged 24-27 (71% Black; 79% low-income) who have been assessed annually since childhood. Participants will complete a prenatal lab visit, 10 days of ambulatory data collection, and a postnatal lab visit when their infant is 6-months old. This study will leverage available prenatal and infant data from the ECHO-PGS while adding state-of-the-art ambulatory measures (smartphone, wearable biosensing devices) to measure real-world changes in daily stressful events, stress regulation, and psychosocial resources during pregnancy, in addition to adding new physiological measures of ER in infancy. Dr. Tung, the award candidate, is a developmental psychopathologist with significant experience conducting longitudinal research in the lab- setting from middle childhood through early adulthood. In this K01, the candidate will gain targeted conceptual and methodological training in: (1) ER during infancy, when regulatory processes are emerging and sensitive to stress transmission, (2) ambulatory measures of daily prenatal stress regulation outside the lab setting, and (3) advanced statistical approaches for intensive longitudinal data. Dr. Tung’s mentors (Drs. Hipwell, Low, and Smyth) and consultants (Drs. Fox and Krafty) are ideally suited to guide the candidate’s training given their combined expertise in the fields of prenatal stress, infant affective and physiological regulation, ambulatory assessment, and intensive longitudinal data analytics. As a leading research institution, the University of Pittsburgh Department of Psychiatry is an optimal scientific training environment to meet these career development goals. The proposed K01 is the first step in a larger program of independent research that will focus on prenatal stress and resilience factors underlying transdiagnostic vulnerability to psychopathology. This line of work has the potential to advance the field by elucidating resilience processes during sensitive windows of development to inform early preventative interventions.