ENERGY EXPENDITURE DURING CHILDHOOD OBESITY DEVELOPMENT

儿童肥胖发展期间的能量消耗

• 批准号: 2205874
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 13.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-15 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2205874
• 关键词: adipose tissue; basal metabolism; bioenergetics; biomarker; biosensor device; body composition; body physical activity; body water; caloric dietary content; calorimetry; developmental nutrition; diet; electrical impedance; heart rate; human subject; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; nutrition related tag; obesity; oxygen consumption; preschool child (1-5); recreation; stable isotope double label; telemetry

Obesity, which affects 25% of children in affluent societies, is a risk factor for pediatric hypertension, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes, heart disease and early death when it persists into adulthood. Obesity arises because of a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure (EE). It is unknown whether this is the result of excess energy intake (ie overfeeding relative to expenditure), or reduced energy expenditure (ie inactivity and/or a suppression in resting EE), or a combination of both. Since the mechanism(s) for this mismatch cannot be resolved in the obese state, studies are proposed using a human, pre-obese model. The hypothesis is that children with low total EE, due to low activity EE (relative to body size) at the onset of the study, will gain more body fat during the subsequent 5 year longitudinal study, after normalization of bodyfat changes due to growth. Total, resting and activity EE over 14 days will be assessed using doubly labeled water and indirect calorimetry, and body composition will be determined using total body water, densitometry, bioelectrical resistance, and, anthropometry. The data will also be used to assess energy requirements in young children. Current information on energy requirements in young children is based on out-dated food intake data, and does not consider variation in body composition or physical activity. These limitations are well recognized and have led to the suggestion that energy requirements should be based on measurement of EE. However, there is a paucity of data on EE in young children. The second aim is to therefore develop and cross- validate equations for predicting energy requirements in young children based on measurement of total EE. The hypothesis is that current estimates of calorie requirements in young children are too high, and simple and accurate equations can be modelled using fat free mass to predict resting energy requirements, and heart rate as a marker of physical activity. These studies will provide important information on the role of BE and physical activity in the development of childhood obesity, and on energy requirements in young children. The results will enable identification of children at highest risk for developing obesity and will form the groundwork for future work to design intervention strategies using intake and exercise prescriptions to prevent obesity in young children.

肥胖是一种风险， 儿童高血压和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的因素， 心脏病和早逝，如果它持续到成年。肥胖 因为能量摄入和能量消耗之间的不匹配而产生 （EE）。目前尚不清楚这是否是由于过量的能量摄入（即 相对于消耗过度喂养），或减少能量消耗（即 静息EE中的不活动和/或抑制），或两者的组合。 由于这种不匹配的机制不能在肥胖患者中解决， 国家，研究提出了使用人类，前肥胖模型。的假设 由于活动量低，总EE较低的儿童（相对于 身体大小）在研究开始时，将在研究期间获得更多的身体脂肪。 体脂正常化后，随后进行5年纵向研究 因增长而变化。14天内的总EE、休息EE和活动EE将 使用双标记水和间接量热法进行评估， 将使用全身水，密度测定法， 生物电阻和人体测量学 这些数据还将用于评估年轻人的能量需求。 孩子目前关于幼儿能量需求的信息是 基于过时的食物摄入量数据，不考虑 身体成分或身体活动。这些限制是好的。 认识到，并导致建议，能源需求应 基于对EE的测量。然而，关于EE的数据很少 在年幼的孩子。第二个目标是发展和跨越- 验证预测幼儿能量需求的公式 基于总EE的测量。假设是， 幼儿的卡路里需求量太高，简单， 可以使用无脂肪质量来模拟精确的方程 能量需求和心率作为身体活动的标志。 这些研究将为BE的作用提供重要信息， 体力活动在儿童肥胖症的发展，并对能源 对幼儿的要求。结果将有助于识别 儿童患肥胖症的风险最高， 为今后利用摄入量设计干预战略的工作奠定基础 以及预防幼儿肥胖的运动处方。