GRADED SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION IN LOCAL NEURAL CIRCUITS

局部神经回路中的分级突触传递

• 批准号: 2262874
• 负责人: KATHERINE GRAUBARD
• 金额: $ 19.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-07-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2262874
• 关键词: Malacostraca; action potentials; alternatives to animals in research; biological models; calcium flux; confocal scanning microscopy; dendrites; dyes; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; gait; ganglions; mastication; motor neurons; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; neuropil; neurotransmitters; pyloric region; stainings; synapses; thalamus; voltage /patch clamp

The objective of the proposed research is to increase our understanding of the synaptic mechanisms used by local circuit neurons and, in particular, to study the function of graded synaptic transmission in spiking, local circuit neurons. The immediate objective is to understand the contributions of graded, spike-evoked, and neuromodulator synaptic transmission to the functioning of a small neural network, the stomatogastric ganglion of lobsters and crabs. In earlier years of this grant, the physiological properties and some of the underlying mechanisms of graded synaptic transmission were described. In the next grant period, the focus will be on anatomical aspects of neuron structure and synaptic organization, and on correlated physiological measurements of voltage spread both within a neuron and between connected cell pairs. The methods to be used include: intracellular recording and dye injection, voltage clamp, immunostaining, and confocal microscopy. Stomatogastric neurons have the serial synaptic structure, extended dendrites, and graded synaptic properties that appear to be ideally designed for regional computation. However, so far there is no evidence that they regionally compute and it is not clear how they avoid doing so. Neuromodulators can functionally rewire the synaptic connections in the stomatogastric ganglion, but we don't known where they act. Thus, information on the synaptic organization of these neurons and on their electrotonic properties is essential if we are to understand the contribution made by each neuron to the functioning of this local neural circuit. Providing that information is the objective of this proposal. These neurons are structurally similar to less accessible thalamic neurons in humans and the stomatogastric motor network serves as a model for human rhythmic motor functions, including walking and chewing. By increasing our knowledge of how this model system works, we may gain clues to what underlies common motor pathologies and to how the system can be readjusted to restore normal function.

拟议研究的目的是增加我们对 局部电路神经元使用的突触机制，尤其是 研究分级突触传播在峰值，局部的功能 电路神经元。 直接目标是了解 分级，尖峰诱发和神经调节剂的贡献 传输到小型神经网络的功能， 龙虾和螃蟹的气孔神经节。 在此的早期 赠款，生理特性和一些基本机制 描述了分级突触传播的。 在下一个赠款期间， 重点将放在神经元结构和突触的解剖方面 组织，以及相关的生理测量电压 在神经元内以及连接的细胞对之间传播。 方法 要使用的包括：细胞内记录和染料注入，电压 夹具，免疫染色和共聚焦显微镜。 气孔胃神经元具有串行突触结构，扩展 树突和分级突触特性似乎是理想情况下 专为区域计算而设计。 但是，到目前为止没有证据 他们在区域上计算，尚不清楚他们如何避免这样做。 神经调节器可以在功能上重新连接突触连接 气孔胃神经节，但我们不知道它们的行为。 因此， 有关这些神经元的突触组织及其其突触组织的信息 如果我们要了解 每个神经元对此局部神经的功能做出的贡献 电路。 提供信息是该提案的目的。 这些神经元在结构上类似于较低的丘脑神经元 在人类和大口径运动网络中是人类的模型 有节奏的运动功能，包括步行和咀嚼。 通过增加我们的 了解该模型系统的工作原理，我们可能会获得有关什么的线索 基础是常见的汽车病理学以及如何重新调整系统 恢复正常功能。