IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENTS FROM FOUR ETHNIC GROUPS

随着美国社会的日益多样化， 更好地了解群体间的态度，作为规划的基础 减少族裔间紧张关系和促进群体间积极关系的方案 关系 虽然存在一些干预计划，但令人惊讶的是， 这类计划的概念基础很少，也没有证据表明 有效性 事实上，相互矛盾的假设（民族中心主义和 多元文化主义）对群体间的关系做出了截然不同的预测 多元化社会的关系。 拟议研究的目的 是通过研究这些相互矛盾的观点之间的关系， 青少年对自己的民族或种族群体的态度， 其他群体，并研究影响这些群体的背景因素， 态度。 这些问题将在四个年龄段的青少年中进行研究。 主要的美国种族群体（亚裔美国人，非裔美国人，西班牙裔， 和白色），在不同的高中环境中， 每个组（同质与异质）。 的第一步 该计划是为了验证目前正在进行的群体间态度的措施， 正在开发中。 这些措施，连同现有的 种族态度，将用于对8个高中的800名学生的调查 学校的同质性和异质性程度不同， 涉及的四个民族。 调查将允许测试 在不同的学校环境中相互矛盾的假设。 后续采访 将与选定的主题进行深入探讨， 情境与态度之间的关系。 从结果来看，一个模型 将制定方案，并进行实验研究， 确定在何种程度上对自己和其他群体的态度， 修改. 长期目标是建立一个知识库， 促进积极团体间干预方案基金会 关系 由于其不良后果，此类计划非常重要 心理健康的负面态度对自己的群体和 其他种族或民族。

With the increasing diversity of American society, there is growing need for a better understanding of intergroup attitudes as a basis for planning programs to reduce inter-ethnic tension and promote positive intergroup relations. While some intervention programs exist, there is surprisingly little conceptual underpinning for such programs, or evidence to show their effectiveness. In fact, conflicting hypotheses (ethnocentrism and multiculturalism) make quite different predictions about intergroup relations in a pluralistic society. The purpose of the proposed research is to explore these conflicting views by examining the relationship between adolescents' attitudes toward their own ethnic or racial group and toward other groups, and to examine contextual factors that influence these attitudes. These questions will be examined among adolescents from four major American ethnic groups (Asian American, African American, Hispanic, and White), in high school environments that differ in the concentration of each group (homogeneous versus heterogeneous). The first step in this program is to validate measures of intergroup attitudes that are currently under development. These measures, together with existing measures of ethnic attitudes, will be used in a survey of 800 students in 8 high schools which differ in degree of homogeneity and heterogeneity for each of the 4 ethnic groups involved. The survey will permit testing of the conflicting hypotheses in differing school contexts. Follow-up interviews will be carried out with selected subjects to explore in depth the relationships among contexts and attitudes. From the results, a model program will be developed, and an experimental study will be carried out to determine the extent to which attitudes towards own and other groups can be modified. The long term goal is to develop a knowledge base as a foundation for intervention programs to promote positive intergroup relations. Such programs are important because of the adverse consequences to mental health of negative attitudes toward both one's own group and other racial or ethnic groups.