WORKING LIVES AND MORTALITY IN AGING

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》)工作继续是一项 一个人生活的中心社会方面，提供意义和身份 在整个生命过程中，最终影响死亡率。建议数 研究将使用收入动态小组研究(PSID)的数据，以及 对1968年开始的美国家庭死亡率的持续纵向调查 在1992年之前采取后续行动，以解决有关 心理社会工作条件与死亡率的关系 工作生活是否与死亡率存在因果关系。PSID数据 这是一个史无前例的机会，可以为以下领域建立一个“数据实验室” 研究连续25年的工作环境暴露史以及如何 生命过程中的暴露与全国队列中的死亡率有关 包括职业女性和黑人。 建议的研究有三个具体目标，如下：(1)检查 心理社会工作条件如何影响生存；(2)探索 一个人职业生涯的进展，在这个背景下的工作安排 个人工作生活对生存的影响；以及(3)描述 存活率因种族和性别而异。 四个主要假设如下：(1)危险的心理社会工作 在对危险身体因素进行调整后，条件将预测死亡率 和工作环境条件；(2)职业发展将 对危险作业条件进行调整后对死亡率的影响； 工作生活(接触危险工作)之间的关系 条件和职业发展)和死亡率将因种族而异 和性别；和(4)非工作负担(例如，家务或有压力的 居民区)和资源(如社会支持)将 不同程度地影响种族和性别存活率。 一项由大约4500名年龄在25岁至65岁之间的成年人组成的子样本 1968年，并一直持续到1992年，组成了这个队列。大约1000人死于 发生在随访期。数据分析将利用 具有和不具有时间依赖协变量的比例风险模型。至 避免自我报告的工作条件的潜在偏见，暴露在 从三位数的职业代码输入到建立长达25年的 曝光史。有害的物理和环境工作条件是 也根据三位数的职业代码分配给个人 提高心理社会关系的估计精度 从工作条件到生存。随着职业年复一年的确定， 避免了由职业回顾评估带来的偏见。 调查人员表示，这项拟议的研究大大改进了 以前的分析通过考察动态之间的关系 危险工作和健康，包括从 因与工作有关的残疾和个人流动而产生的劳动力 从更危险的心理工作条件到更不危险的工作条件 条件。此外，他们表示，他们将首次比较， 描述心理社会工作状态的两种方法--一种 基于职称词典中的工作评级，以及其他 从国民就业质量角度综合测量工作压力 调查。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract) Work continues to be a central social aspect of a person's life providing meaning and identity throughout the lifecourse, ultimately influencing mortality. The proposed research will use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), an ongoing longitudinal survey of U.S. Households begun in 1968 with mortality follow-up through 1992, to resolve several major issues regarding the relationship between psychosocial work conditions and mortality, and assess whether work life is causally related to mortality. The PSID data constitute an unprecedented opportunity to establish a 'data laboratory' for studying 25 consecutive years of work environment exposure history and how exposures over the life course relate to mortality in a national cohort including working women and blacks. The proposed research has three specific aims, as follow: (1) to examine how psychosocial work conditions influence survival; (2) to explore how the progression of a person's career, the arrangement of jobs within the context of an individual's worklife, influences survival; and (3) to describe how survival rates vary by race and gender. The four major hypotheses are as follow: (1) hazardous psychosocial work conditions will predict mortality after adjustment for hazardous physical and environmental conditions of work; (2) the progression of careers will influence mortality after adjustment for hazardous working conditions; (3) the relationship between working life (exposure to hazardous working conditions and the progression of careers) and mortality will vary by race and gender; and (4) non-work burdens (e.g., household work or stressful residential neighborhoods) and resources (e.g., social support) will differentially influence racial and gender survival rates. A sub-sample of approximately 4,500 adults age 25 to 65 who were working in 1968 and followed until 1992 comprise the cohort. About 1,000 deaths have occurred during the follow-up period. Data analysis will employ proportional hazard models with and without time-dependent covariates. To avoid potential biases of self-reported work conditions, exposures are imputed from three-digit occupational codes to establish up to 25 years of exposure history. Hazardous physical and environmental work conditions are also assigned to individuals based on the three-digit occupational code improving the precision of the estimate of the relationship of psychosocial work conditions to survival. With year-to-year determination of occupation, the bias introduced by retrospective assessment of occupation is avoided. The investigators state that the proposed research significantly improves on previous analyses by examining the dynamics of the relationship between hazardous work and health including the selection of workers out of the workforce due to work-related disability and the movement of individuals from more hazardous psychosocial work conditions to less hazardous conditions. In addition, they state they will compare, for the first time, the two methods used for describing psychosocial work conditions -- one based on job ratings in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles, and the other using aggregate measures of job stress from national quality of employment surveys.