WORKING LIVES AND MORTALITY IN AGING

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）工作继续是一个 一个人生活的中心社会方面，提供意义和身份 在整个生命过程中，最终影响死亡率。 拟议 研究将使用收入动态小组研究（PSID）的数据， 从1968年开始对美国家庭进行的纵向调查， 在1992年采取后续行动，以解决有关 社会心理工作条件与死亡率之间的关系，并评估 工作年限是否与死亡率有因果关系。 PSID数据 这是一个前所未有的机会，可以建立一个“数据实验室”， 研究连续25年的工作环境暴露史， 在一个国家队列中，生命过程中的暴露与死亡率有关 包括职业女性和黑人。 本研究有三个具体目的：（1）研究 心理社会工作条件如何影响生存;（2）探讨 一个人的职业生涯的进展，在此背景下的工作安排 个人的工作生活，影响生存;（3）描述如何 存活率因种族和性别而异。 主要有以下四个假设：（1）危险性心理社会工作 在调整了危险的身体状况后， （2）工作环境;（3）职业发展 对危险工作条件调整后的死亡率的影响;（3） 工作年限（从事危险工作）与 条件和职业发展）和死亡率将因种族而异 （4）非工作负担（如，家务劳动或压力 居民区）和资源（例如，社会支持）将 对种族和性别存活率的影响不同。 一个由大约4,500名年龄在25岁至65岁之间的成年人组成的子样本， 1968年和随后直到1992年组成的队列。 大约有1,000人死亡， 发生在随访期间。 数据分析将采用 有和无时间依赖性协变量的比例风险模型。 到 避免自我报告的工作条件的潜在偏见， 根据三位数职业代码估算， 暴露史。 危险的物理和环境工作条件是 也根据三位数职业代码分配给个人 提高心理社会关系估计的准确性 工作环境，生存。 随着逐年确定职业， 避免了对占用情况进行追溯性评估所带来的偏见。 研究人员表示，拟议的研究大大改善了 以前的分析，通过检查之间的关系的动态 危险工作和健康问题，包括从 因工作残疾和个人流动而造成的劳动力 从更危险的心理社会工作条件到危险程度较低的工作条件 条件 此外，他们还表示，他们将首次比较， 用于描述心理社会工作条件的两种方法， 根据《职业头衔词典》中的工作等级， 使用国家就业质量的工作压力综合衡量标准 调查。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract) Work continues to be a central social aspect of a person's life providing meaning and identity throughout the lifecourse, ultimately influencing mortality. The proposed research will use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), an ongoing longitudinal survey of U.S. Households begun in 1968 with mortality follow-up through 1992, to resolve several major issues regarding the relationship between psychosocial work conditions and mortality, and assess whether work life is causally related to mortality. The PSID data constitute an unprecedented opportunity to establish a 'data laboratory' for studying 25 consecutive years of work environment exposure history and how exposures over the life course relate to mortality in a national cohort including working women and blacks. The proposed research has three specific aims, as follow: (1) to examine how psychosocial work conditions influence survival; (2) to explore how the progression of a person's career, the arrangement of jobs within the context of an individual's worklife, influences survival; and (3) to describe how survival rates vary by race and gender. The four major hypotheses are as follow: (1) hazardous psychosocial work conditions will predict mortality after adjustment for hazardous physical and environmental conditions of work; (2) the progression of careers will influence mortality after adjustment for hazardous working conditions; (3) the relationship between working life (exposure to hazardous working conditions and the progression of careers) and mortality will vary by race and gender; and (4) non-work burdens (e.g., household work or stressful residential neighborhoods) and resources (e.g., social support) will differentially influence racial and gender survival rates. A sub-sample of approximately 4,500 adults age 25 to 65 who were working in 1968 and followed until 1992 comprise the cohort. About 1,000 deaths have occurred during the follow-up period. Data analysis will employ proportional hazard models with and without time-dependent covariates. To avoid potential biases of self-reported work conditions, exposures are imputed from three-digit occupational codes to establish up to 25 years of exposure history. Hazardous physical and environmental work conditions are also assigned to individuals based on the three-digit occupational code improving the precision of the estimate of the relationship of psychosocial work conditions to survival. With year-to-year determination of occupation, the bias introduced by retrospective assessment of occupation is avoided. The investigators state that the proposed research significantly improves on previous analyses by examining the dynamics of the relationship between hazardous work and health including the selection of workers out of the workforce due to work-related disability and the movement of individuals from more hazardous psychosocial work conditions to less hazardous conditions. In addition, they state they will compare, for the first time, the two methods used for describing psychosocial work conditions -- one based on job ratings in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles, and the other using aggregate measures of job stress from national quality of employment surveys.