DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND MOTHER/INFANT INTERACTION

这笔拨款的目的是继续我们的纵向研究 患有高、中或极低的婴儿和母亲 抑郁程度对母婴结局的影响；b)纵向 自然发生的母婴互动观察 行为是在第一年的家庭环境中做出的 C)关于母亲和父亲抑郁症状的数据， 精神疾病的共病和情感状态分别收集在 探访；和d)单独一组极低水平的母亲 对抑郁症状进行识别和跟踪。 要评估的主要假设是：a)行为 母亲的情感风格或高或极低 抑郁症状的程度将不同于患有 中度症状；b)婴儿行为和情感意志的模式 与产妇症状水平有关；以及c)严重程度和 母体症状的慢性会对 母婴互动和婴儿结局。我们的假设是 在相互调节模型的指导下，该模型假设婴儿 发育取决于婴儿的持续能力- 照顾者二重调节婴儿~S的情感状态和养育 幼儿~S掌握重大发展任务的能力 婴儿期。 母亲和婴儿的自然行为是 当婴儿3、6和12个月大的时候，在家里录像。 此外，婴儿和母亲在实验室里被拍摄在 12个月的安斯沃思~S奇遇与婴儿陌生 玩。还获得了母亲的诊断史。在每个年龄段， 父母填写关于他们目前状况的调查问卷 抑郁症状、其他精神症状和情绪性 状态。婴儿和母亲的行为和情感是从 由蒙面、可靠的编码员使用详细的编码系统制作的录像带。 多变量技术将被用来评估这些假设。 该项目的前期工作和进展是实质性的， 初步结果支持这一假说。这项研究将显著地 增加我们对母亲抑郁的影响的了解 母婴互动的症状学及其相关因素 和婴儿在第一年的社会情绪发展。

The objective of this grant is to continue our longitudinal study of infants and mothers with either high, mid-range, or extremely low levels of depression on maternal and infant outcomes; b) longitudinal observations of naturally occurring maternal and infant interactive behavior are made in the home setting during the first year post partum; c) data on maternal and paternal depressive symptoms, psychiatric co-morbidities, and affective status are collected at each visit; and d) a separate group of mothers with extremely low levels of depressive symptoms is identified and followed. The primary hypotheses to be evaluated are that a) the behavioral and affective styles of mothers with either high or extremely low levels of depressive symptoms will differ from those of mothers with mid-range symptoms; b) patterns of infant behavior and affect will be related to maternal symptom levels; and c) the severity and chronicity of maternal symptoms will have negative effects on mother-infant interaction and infant outcomes. Our hypotheses are guided by the Mutual Regulation Model, which posits that infant development is dependent on the ongoing ability of the infant- caregiver dyad to regulate the infant~s affective states and to foster the infant~s ability to master the major developmental tasks of infancy. The naturally occurring behavior of mothers and infants is videotaped at home when infants are 3,6, and 12 months old. Additionally, infants and mothers are videotaped in the laboratory at 12 months during Ainsworth~s Strange Situation and infant-stranger play. Mothers~ diagnostic history is also obtained. At each age, mothers and fathers complete questionnaires regarding their current depressive symptoms, other psychiatric symptoms, and affective status. Infant and maternal behavior and affect are scored from the videotapes by masked, reliable coders using detailed coding systems. Multivariate techniques will be used to evaluate the hypotheses. Preliminary work and progress on this project has been substantial, and initial results support the hypotheses. This study will markedly increase our understanding of the effects of maternal depressive symptomatology and associated factors on mother-infant interaction and infant socio-emotional development during the first year.