Development of Improved Hardbanding materials for Drill pipe in oil and gas drilling operations

该项目涉及石油和天然气的开采；成功的结果也将有利于英国蓬勃发展的页岩气行业。长期以来，单个钻杆工具接头和钻柱组件的其他脆弱区域已使用硬带焊接技术保护，使其不受磨粒磨损，该技术涉及选择性地应用通常含有碳化钨的耐磨材料条或垫。钻柱在外层套管内运行，套管磨损已经成为一个严重的问题。虽然碳化钨为钻杆接头提供了很好的保护，但它对套管的侵蚀性很强，导致套管过早损坏。随着容易开采的储量变得枯竭，要求钻井深度不断增加，而新技术允许大斜度井，如水平钻井、多方向钻井和大位移钻井。所有这些技术都会造成硬带与套管接触的情况。除了因磨损而导致套管损坏外，这种接触点还会产生摩擦和扭矩，阻碍钻井过程。因此，需要一种硬带材料，在提供足够的保护以防止管接头磨损的同时，还具有对套管友好且具有低摩擦特性的特性。原因故障当然是昂贵的，但也会对环境产生重大影响，因为油井不再受到约束，导致无法控制的泄漏。该项目的目的是通过开发一种结合高耐磨性和低摩擦系数的硬带产品来解决这个问题。将探索以下机制的组合。·控制化学以促进·添加球形耐磨颗粒。·在基质中添加固体润滑添加剂。

This project concerns the extraction of oil and gas; a successful outcome would also be ofbenefit to the UK’s burgeoning shale gas industry.Individual drill pipe tool joints and other vulnerable areas of drill string components havebeen protected for a long time from abrasive wear using hardbanding welding technique thatinvolved a selective application of strips or pads of wear-resistant material typicallycontaining tungsten carbide. The drill string runs inside an outer casing and wear of the casinghas become a significant problem.Whilst tungsten carbides provide excellent protection for the drill pipe joints, it is veryaggressive to the casing leading to premature failure of the latter.As easily accessed reserves become depleted there is a requirement to drill to ever increasingdepths whilst new technology allows highly deviated wells such as horizontal drilling,multidirectional drilling and extended reach drilling. All of these techniques create situationswhere the hardbanding can come into contact with the casing. In addition to causing failure ofthe casing by wear such points of contact also produces friction and torque that impedes thedrilling process.There is thus a requirement for a hardbanding material that whilst providing adequateprotection against wear of the pipe joint is also casing friendly and has low friction properties.Casing failures are of course expensive but also have a significant environmental impact asthe well is no longer constrained leading to uncontrolled leakage.The aim of this project is to provide a solution to this problem by developing a hardbandingproduct that combines high wear resistance with low coefficient of friction.A combination of the following mechanisms will be explored.• Control of chemistry to promote favourable changes in the microstructure andcrystallinity of the matrix alloy.• Addition of spherical wear resistant particles.• Addition of solid lubricating additives into the matrix.