EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER IN INDIA

伤寒被认为是印度的一大问题，但这是事实 发病率尚不确定。为未来的现场试验做准备 伤寒疫苗，这项研究正在建立两个现场站点，一个城市 德里的一个地点和马德拉斯附近的钦格尔普特的一个农村地点进行监测 受试者队列中的伤寒发病率。德里的网站包括 人口约19,000人，而钦格尔普特有近 3.3万人。在11月间进行了6个月的监视 1995年和1996年5月，德里预计每年的发病率高达4.6 每1,000个病例，而3个月的监测始于1996年3月 Chingleput预测，发病率为1/1000。所有伤寒病例 正在进行长达3个月的跟踪调查，以确定与伤寒有关的 残疾和病例对照研究嵌套在这些队列中 评估与以下方面相关的食品、水源和卫生做法 伤寒风险，以及幽门螺杆菌混合感染在影响 这种风险。未来的血清调查将能够确定 抗-d抗体的年龄特异性血清阳性率，以提供 关于伤寒负担的补充证据。

Typhoid fever is perceived to be a major problem in India, but its true incidence is uncertain. In preparation for future field trials of typhoid vaccines, this research is establishing two field sites, an urban site in Delhi and a rural site in Chingleput, near Madras, to monitor typhoid incidence in cohorts of subjects. The site in Delhi comprises a population of about 19,000 persons, while that in Chingleput has nearly 33,000 persons. Six months of surveillance undertaken between November 1995 and May 1996 in Delhi projects an annual incidence of up to 4.6 cases per 1,000, while 3 months of surveillance, begun in March 1996 in Chingleput, projects an incidence of 1 per 1,000. All cases of typhoid are being followed for up to 3 months to determine typhoid-related disability, and case-control studies are nested within these cohorts to assess foods, water sources, and hygienic practices associated with typhoid risk, as well as the role of H. pylori coinfection in influencing this risk. Future serosurveys will enable determination of the age-specific seroprevalence of anti-d antibodies, to provide complementary evidence addressing the burden of typhoid.